Cospeciation is not the dominant driver of plant–pollinator codiversification in specialized pollination systems
Channongxouang TAENGON
CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, China
College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Channongxouang Taengon and Ying Feng contributed equally.
Search for more papers by this authorYing FENG
CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, China
College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Channongxouang Taengon and Ying Feng contributed equally.
Search for more papers by this authorYuanye ZHANG
Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
Search for more papers by this authorSasith Tharanga ALUTHWATTHA
CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, China
Search for more papers by this authorJin CHEN
CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Gang WANG
CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, China
Correspondence: Gang Wang, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorChannongxouang TAENGON
CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, China
College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Channongxouang Taengon and Ying Feng contributed equally.
Search for more papers by this authorYing FENG
CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, China
College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Channongxouang Taengon and Ying Feng contributed equally.
Search for more papers by this authorYuanye ZHANG
Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
Search for more papers by this authorSasith Tharanga ALUTHWATTHA
CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, China
Search for more papers by this authorJin CHEN
CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Gang WANG
CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan, China
Correspondence: Gang Wang, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
This study systematically rejects the long-standing notion of cospeciation as the dominant driver of codiversification between flowering plants and their specialist pollinators. Through cophylogenetic analysis of six classical specialized pollination systems, the research finds that cospeciation events are consistently outnumbered by non-cospeciation events, such as host-switch, duplication, and association losses. The findings support a more dynamic and diffuse codiversification paradigm, highlighting the importance of considering a broader range of evolutionary events in understanding plant–pollinator codiversification. This new understanding is robust across diverse pollination systems and has significant implications for conservation strategies in the face of environmental change.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT
The authors declare no competing interests.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Supplementary methods and raw results are available as supporting information for this paper.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| inz212886-sup-0002-SuppMat.pdf132 KB | Supplementary methods |
| inz212886-sup-0001-tablesS1-S3.xls47 KB | Table S1 Information of sampled specialist pollination systems Table S2 Simulation results on distribution of total cost value under different two most commonly used cost models Table S3 Summary of event frequency distribution under optimal cost model of different plant-insect systems |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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