Technical Note

Raman Spectroscopic Differences between Ephedrine and Pseudoephedrine^†

Tianmin Shu M.S.

Department of Criminal Investigation, The Third Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security, No. 76, Yueyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China, 200031

Search for more papers by this author

Xing Yang Ph.D.,

Xing Yang Ph.D.

College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China, 730000

Search for more papers by this author

Wenbo Li M.S.,

Wenbo Li M.S.

Department of Criminal Investigation, The Third Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security, No. 76, Yueyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China, 200031

Search for more papers by this author

Xiaojun Yao Ph.D.,

Corresponding Author

Xiaojun Yao Ph.D.

[email protected]

College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China, 730000

Corresponding author: Xiaojun Yao, Ph.D. E-mail: [email protected].Search for more papers by this author

Tianmin Shu M.S.,

Tianmin Shu M.S.

Department of Criminal Investigation, The Third Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security, No. 76, Yueyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China, 200031

Search for more papers by this author

Xing Yang Ph.D.,

Xing Yang Ph.D.

College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China, 730000

Search for more papers by this author

Wenbo Li M.S.,

Wenbo Li M.S.

Department of Criminal Investigation, The Third Research Institute of the Ministry of Public Security, No. 76, Yueyang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, China, 200031

Search for more papers by this author

Xiaojun Yao Ph.D.,

Corresponding Author

Xiaojun Yao Ph.D.

[email protected]

College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, No. 222, South Tianshui Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China, 730000

Corresponding author: Xiaojun Yao, Ph.D. E-mail: [email protected].Search for more papers by this author

First published: 05 March 2019

https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.14015

Citations: 4

^†

Financial support provided by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC0801304).

Share a link

Email
Wechat
Bluesky

Abstract

Ephedrine (EPH) and pseudoephedrine (PSE) were studied by micro-Raman spectroscopy and UV resonance Raman spectroscopy excited at 785 and 360 nm, respectively. Raman bands at approximately 245 and 410 cm⁻¹ for ephedrine have apparent differences from the same bands at approximately 215, 265, 350, 450, and 555 cm⁻¹ for pseudoephedrine, and these differences can be applied to distinguish between EPH and PSE. Additionally, density functional theory was used for the Raman calculations to obtain results identical to the experimental spectra. This work is expected to expand the applications of Raman spectroscopy in forensic science.

References

1Vidal C, Prieto A, Pérez-Carral C, Armisén M. Nonpigmenting fixed drug eruption due to pseudoephedrine. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 1998; 80(4): 309–10.
10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62974-2
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
2Drew CD, Knight GT, Hughes DT, Bush M. Comparison of the effects of D-(-)-ephedrine and L-(+)-pseudoephedrine on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems in man. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1978; 6(3): 221–5.
10.1111/j.1365-2125.1978.tb04588.x
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
3Lee JS, Han EY, Lee SY, Kim EM, Park YH, Lim MA, et al. Analysis of the impurities in the methamphetamine synthesized by three different methods from ephedrine and pseudoephedrine. Forensic Sci Int 2006; 161(2–3): 209–15.
10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.02.054
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
4Salouros H, Collins M, George AV, Davies S. Isolation and identification of three by-products found in methylamphetamine synthesized by the Emde route. J Forensic Sci 2010; 55(3): 605–15.
10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01330.x
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
5DeRuiter J, Hayes L, Valaer A, Clark CR. Methcathinone and designer analogues: synthesis, stereochemical analysis, and analytical properties. J Chromatogr Sci 1994; 32(12): 552–64.
10.1093/chromsci/32.12.552
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
6 Pseudoephedrine and ephedrine: regular review of minimizing risk of misuse in the UK, 2017; https://www.gov.uk/drug-safety-update/pseudoephedrine-and-ephedrine-regular-review-of-minimising-risk-of-misuse-in-the-uk (accessed January 17, 2019).
Google Scholar
7Okamura N, Miki H, Harada T, Yamashita S, Masaoka Y, Nakamoto Y, et al. Simultaneous determination of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, norephedrine and methylephedrine in Kampo medicines by high-performance liquid chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 1999; 20(1–2): 363–72.
10.1016/S0731-7085(99)00065-5
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
8Ye NS, Gu XX, Luo GA. Chiral separation of ephedrine isomers by capillary electrophoresis using Bovine Serum Albumin as a buffer additive. J Chromatogr Sci 2007; 45(5): 246–50.
10.1093/chromsci/45.5.246
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
9LeBelle MJ, Savard C, Dawson BA, Black DB, Katyal LK, Zrcek F, et al. Chiral identification and determination of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, methamphetamine and metecathinone by gas chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance. Forensic Sci Int 1995; 71(3): 215–23.
10.1016/0379-0738(94)01669-0
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
10Hanna GM. Determination of ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, and norephedrine in mixtures (bulk and dosage forms) by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J AOAC Int 1995; 78(4): 946–54.
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
11Kneipp K, Kneipp H, Itzkan I, Dasari RR, Feld MS. Ultrasensitive chemical analysis by raman spectroscopy. Chem Rev 1999; 99(10): 2957–75.
10.1021/cr980133r
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
12West MJ, Went MJ. Detection of drugs of abuse by raman spectroscopy. Drug Test Anal 2011; 3(9): 532–8.
10.1002/dta.217
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
13de Oliveira Penido CAF, Pacheco MTT, Lednev IK, Silveira L. Raman spectroscopy in forensic analysis: identification of cocaine and other illegal drugs of abuse. J Raman Spectrosc 2016; 47(1): 28–38.
10.1002/jrs.4864
Web of Science® Google Scholar
14Ali EM, Edwards HG, Hargreaves MD, Scowen IJ. Raman spectroscopic investigation of cocaine hydrochloride on human nail in a forensic context. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 390(4): 1159–66.
10.1007/s00216-007-1776-z
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
15Frisch MJ, Trucks GW, Schlegel HB, Scuseria GE, Robb MA, Cheeseman JR, et al. Gaussian 2016, Revision, A. 03. Wallingford, CT: Gaussian, Inc., 2016.
Google Scholar
16Lv D, Cao Y, Lou Z, Li S, Chen X, Chai Y, et al. Rapid on-site detection of ephedrine and its analogues used as adulterants in slimming dietary supplements by TLC-SERS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407(5): 1313–25.
10.1007/s00216-014-8380-9
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar

Citing Literature

Volume64, Issue5

September 2019

Pages 1482-1485

Raman Spectroscopic Differences between Ephedrine and Pseudoephedrine^†

Abstract

References

Citing Literature

References

Information

About Wiley Online Library

Help & Support

Opportunities

Connect with Wiley

Raman Spectroscopic Differences between Ephedrine and Pseudoephedrine†

Abstract

References

Citing Literature

References

Related

Information

Raman Spectroscopic Differences between Ephedrine and Pseudoephedrine^†