Paper

Effect of Extraction Procedure and Gas Chromatography Temperature Program on Discrimination of MDMA Exhibits^†^‡^§

Karlie M. McManaman M.S.

Forensic Science Program, School of Criminal Justice, Michigan State University, 655 Auditorium Road, Room 560 Baker Hall, East Lansing, MI, 48824

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Ruth Waddell Smith Ph.D.,

Corresponding Author

Ruth Waddell Smith Ph.D.

Forensic Science Program, School of Criminal Justice, Michigan State University, 655 Auditorium Road, Room 560 Baker Hall, East Lansing, MI, 48824

Additional information and reprint requests:

Ruth Waddell Smith, Ph.D.

Forensic Science Program, School of Criminal Justice

Michigan State University

655 Auditorium Road, Room 560 Baker Hall

East Lansing, MI 48824

E-mail: [email protected]

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Karlie M. McManaman M.S.,

Karlie M. McManaman M.S.

Forensic Science Program, School of Criminal Justice, Michigan State University, 655 Auditorium Road, Room 560 Baker Hall, East Lansing, MI, 48824

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Ruth Waddell Smith Ph.D.,

Corresponding Author

Ruth Waddell Smith Ph.D.

Forensic Science Program, School of Criminal Justice, Michigan State University, 655 Auditorium Road, Room 560 Baker Hall, East Lansing, MI, 48824

Additional information and reprint requests:

Ruth Waddell Smith, Ph.D.

Forensic Science Program, School of Criminal Justice

Michigan State University

655 Auditorium Road, Room 560 Baker Hall

East Lansing, MI 48824

E-mail: [email protected]

Search for more papers by this author

First published: 25 November 2013

https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.12350

Citations: 1

^†

Presented at the 64th Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 20–25, 2012, in Atlanta, GA.

^‡

Partially funded by a 2011 Forensic Sciences Foundation Lucas Grant and a National Institute of Justice/Forensic Sciences Foundation Forensic Science Student Research Grant (Award No. 2008-DN-BX-K216).

^§

The opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Department of Justice.

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Abstract

Analysis of impurities in seized MDMA tablets can be used to determine the synthesis method used and to identify links among exhibits. However, no standardized method exists to generate impurity profiles, limiting comparisons among different laboratories. This research investigated the effect of extraction procedure and gas chromatography temperature program on the resulting impurity profiles. Five exhibits were extracted using liquid–liquid extraction (LLE) and headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), then analyzed using two different temperature programs. Profiles were statistically assessed using principal components analysis. While LLE was more reproducible, more compounds were extracted using HS-SPME, thus providing more informative chemical profiles. The longer temperature program (53 min vs. 36 min) allowed greater discrimination of exhibits, due to improved precision as a result of an extended hold time (12 min). This research further highlights the need for standardized extraction and analysis procedures to allow comparison of chemical profiles generated in different laboratories.

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Effect of Extraction Procedure and Gas Chromatography Temperature Program on Discrimination of MDMA Exhibits^†^‡^§