Coeliac Disease and Noncoeliac Gluten Sensitivity
Corresponding Author
Caroline R. Meijer
Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Caroline R. Meijer, MD, Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Leiden University Medical Center, J6-S-208, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands (e-mail: [email protected]).Search for more papers by this authorRaanan Shamir
Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petach-Tikva, Israel
Search for more papers by this authorMaria L. Mearin
Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Caroline R. Meijer
Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Caroline R. Meijer, MD, Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Leiden University Medical Center, J6-S-208, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands (e-mail: [email protected]).Search for more papers by this authorRaanan Shamir
Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Petach-Tikva, Israel
Search for more papers by this authorMaria L. Mearin
Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorThe authors report no conflicts of interest.
ABSTRACT
The spectrum of gluten-related disorders was restricted to coeliac disease and wheat allergy, but the new contemporary entity referred to as noncoeliac gluten sensitivity has gained recognition mainly in adults but also in children. Noncoeliac gluten sensitivity is defined as the presence of a variety of symptoms related to gluten ingestion in patients in whom coeliac disease and wheat allergy have been excluded. The pathophysiology and biomarkers of coeliac disease and wheat allergy are well known, but this is not the case for noncoeliac gluten sensitivity. It is also not clear whether noncoeliac gluten sensitivity is caused by consumption of gluten or by consumption of fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols. Randomized trials on noncoeliac gluten sensitivity in children are lacking and are hardly needed to evaluate its role in paediatric patients with gastroenterology to avoid the use of unnecessary restrictive diets in children and interference with proper diagnosis of coeliac disease.
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