‘Negative’ intensity patches in angular variations of the cosmic microwave background as a probe of the period of reionization
Corresponding Author
A. Doroshkevich
1 Theoretical Astrophysics Center, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
2 Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125047 Moscow, Russia
[email protected]Search for more papers by this authorV. Dubrovich
1 Theoretical Astrophysics Center, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
3 SAO, 196140, Pulkovo, St. Petersburg, Russia
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
A. Doroshkevich
1 Theoretical Astrophysics Center, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
2 Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 125047 Moscow, Russia
[email protected]Search for more papers by this authorV. Dubrovich
1 Theoretical Astrophysics Center, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
3 SAO, 196140, Pulkovo, St. Petersburg, Russia
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The observational tests for the period of reionization of the Universe are discussed. We show that this period can be observed as negative intensity patches of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation with an amplitude of
and the angular sizes of
in the wavelength range of
. The expected number density and frequency dependence of the amplitude permit us to recognize this effect and to distinguish it from the noise. This method, applied to the small-scale variations of the CMB temperature, complements the traditional spectral approach well.
The number density and the amplitude of observed ‘negative’ intensity patches depend upon the redshift of reionization, which allows us to estimate this redshift roughly. The ionized bubbles formed just before the period of reionization could also be seen as the highest peaks. The expected results are sensitive to the Jeans scale at the period of reionization, and also to the small-scale shape of the primordial power spectrum and the mass of dark matter particles.
References
- 1 Abel T., Anninos P., Norman M. L., Zhang Yu. , 1998, ApJ, 508, 518
- 2 Aghanim N., Désert F. X., Puget J. L., Gispert R. , 1996, A&A, 311, 1
- 3 Baltz E. A., Gnedin N. Y., Silk J. , 1997, ApJ, 493, L1
- 4 Bardeen J. M., Bond J. R., Kaiser N., Szalay A. , 1986, ApJ, 304, 15
- 5 Bartlett J. G. & Stebbins A. , 1991, ApJ, 371, 8
- 6 Benson A. J., Nusser A., Sugiyama N., Lacey C. G. , 2001, MNRAS, 320, 153DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.03957.x
- 7 Bertou X., Boratav M., Letessier-Selvon A. , 2000, Int. J. Mod. Phys., A15, 2181
- 8 Bunn E. F. & White M. , 1997, ApJ, 480, 6
- 9 Carlstrom J. E., Joy M., Grego L. , 1996, ApJ, 456, L75
- 10
Coles P.
, 1988, MNRAS, 234, 309
10.1093/mnras/234.3.509 Google Scholar
- 11 Coles P. & Barrow J. D. , 1987, MNRAS, 228, 407
- 12 Cooray A., Hu W., Tegmark M. , 2000, ApJ, 540, 1
- 13 Demiański M. & Doroshkevich A. , 1999, MNRAS, 306, 779
- 14 Demiański M. & Doroshkevich A. , 2001, MNRAS, submit
- 15 Demiański M. et al., 2001, MNRAS, submitted
- 16
Dolgov A.
et al., 1999, Int. J. Mod. Phys., D8, 189
10.1142/S0218271899000171 Google Scholar
- 17 Dubrovich V. K. , 2001, Astron. Lett., 27, 207
- 18 Dubrovich V. K. & Partridge R. B. , 2000, A&AT, 20, in press
- 19 Fan X. et al., 2000, AJ, 120, 1167
- 20 Gnedin N. Y. & Ostriker J. P. , 1997, ApJ, 486, 581
- 21 Gnedin N. Y. & Jaffe A. H. , 2000, ApJ, in press (astro-ph/0008469)
- 22 Gradshteyn I. S. & Ryzhik I. M. , 1994, Table of Integrals, Series, and Products. Academic Press, New York
- 23 Griffiths L. M., Barbosa D., Liddle A. R. , 1999, MNRAS, 308, 854DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02777.x
- 24 Gruzinov A. & Hu W. , 1998, ApJ, 508, 435
- 25 Haiman Z. & Knox L. , 1999, Microwave Foregrounds. Astron. Soc. Pac., San Francisco, p. 227
- 26 Haiman Z. & Loeb A. , 1999, ApJ, 519, 479
- 27 Haiman Z., Rees M., Loeb A. , 1997, ApJ, 476, 458
- 28 Haiman Z., Abel T., Rees M. , 2000, ApJ, 534, 11
- 29 Haehnelt M. G., Natarajan P., Rees M. J. , 1998, MNRAS, 300, 817DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-8711.1998.01951.x
- 30 Heavens A. F. & Sheth R. K. , 1999, MNRAS, 310, 1062
- 31 Hu W. , 2000, ApJ, 529, 12
- 32 Hu W. & White M. , 1996, A&A, 315, 33
- 33 Hu W., Scott D., Silk J. , 1994, Phys. Rev. D, 49, 648DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.49.648
- 34 Jaffe A. H. & Kamionkowski M. , 1998, Phys. Rev. D, 58, 043001DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.58.043001
- 35 Jenkins A. et al., 1998, ApJ, 499, 20
- 36 Kaiser N. , 1984, ApJ, 282, 374
- 37 Knox L., Scoccimarro R., Dodelson S. , 1998, Phys. Rev. Lett., 81, 2004
- 38 Miralda-Escudé J., Haehnelt M., Rees M. , 2000, ApJ, 530, 1
- 39 Molnar S. M. & Birkinshaw M. , 2000, ApJ, 537, 542
- 40 Nagano M. & Watson A. A. , 2000, Rev. Mod. Phys., 72, 689
- 41 Novikov D., Feldman H. A., Shandarin S. F. , 1999, Int. J. Mod. Phys., D8, 291
- 42 Novikov D. et al., 2001, Int. J. Mod. Phys., in press
- 43 Ostriker J. P. & Vishniac E. T. , 1986, ApJ, 306, L51
- 44 Peebles P. J. E. & Juszkiewicz R. , 1998, ApJ, 509, 483
- 45 Persi F. M. , 1995, ApJ, 441, 1
- 46 Peterson J. B. et al., 1999, pre-print (astro-ph/9907276)
- 47 Ratcliffe A. et al., 1996, MNRAS, 281, L47
- 48 Rees M. J. , 1999, in S. Holt, E. Smith, eds, 9th Annual October Astrophysics Conference in Maryland. American Institute of Physics Press, p. 13
- 49 Refregier A., Komatsu E., Spergel D. N., Pen U. L. , 2000, Phys. Rev. D, 61, 123001DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.61.123001
- 50 Shapiro P. R., Iliev I. T., Raga A. C. , 1999, MNRAS, 307, 203
- 51 Shectman S. A. et al., 1996, ApJ, 470, 172
- 52 Schmalzing J. & Gorski K. M. , 1998, MNRAS, 297, 355DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-8711.1998.01467.x
- 53 Silk J. & Rees M. J. , 1998, A&A, 331, L1
- 54 Springel V., White M., Hernquist L. , 2001, ApJ, 549, 68
- 55 Steidel C. C., Adlerberger K. L., Dickinson M., Giavalisco M., Pettini M., Kellogg M. , 1998, ApJ, 492, 428
- 56 Stuart A. & Ord J. K. , 1994, Kendall's Advanced Theory of Statistics, Vol. 1. Edward Arnold, London
- 57 Sunyaev R. A. , 1978, in M. S. Longair, J. Einasto, eds, Large Scale Structure of the Universe. Reidel, Dordrecht, p. 393
- 58 Sunyaev R. A. & Zel'Dovich Ya. B. , 1980, MNRAS, 190, 413
- 59 Tegmark M. & Silk J. , 1995, ApJ, 441, 458
- 60 Tegmark M. & Zaldarriaga M. , 2000, ApJ, 544, 30
- 61 Tegmark M., Silk J., Blanchard A. , 1994, ApJ, 420, 484
- 62 Tegmark M., Silk J., Rees M., Blanchard A., Abel T., Palla F. , 1997, ApJ, 474, 1
- 63 Vishniac E. T. , 1987, ApJ, 322, 597
- 64
Weller J.,
Battye R. A.,
Albrecht A.
, 1999, Phys. Rev. D, 60, 103
10.1103/PhysRevD.60.103520 Google Scholar
- 65 White M., Carlstrom J. E., Dragovan M., Holzapfel W. L. , 1999, ApJ, 514, 12
- 66 Winitzki S. & Kosowsky A. , 1998, MNRAS, 297, 355
- 67 Zel'Dovich Ya. B. & Sunyaev R. A. , 1969, Ap&SS, 4, 301
- 68 Zhang Yu., Meiksin A., Anninos P., Norman M. L. , 1998, ApJ, 495, 63