Experimental Teratology
Full Access
Normal and abnormal midfacial development in the cadmium-treated hamster
Melissa Sherman Tassinari,
Sally Y. Long,
Melissa Sherman Tassinari
Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
Search for more papers by this authorSally Y. Long
Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
Search for more papers by this authorMelissa Sherman Tassinari,
Sally Y. Long,
Melissa Sherman Tassinari
Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
Search for more papers by this authorSally Y. Long
Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Clefts of the midface ranging in severity from a notched lip to complete facial disorganization were observed in the offspring of golden hamsters injected with cadmium chloride on the morning of the eighth day of gestation. Other malformations frequently observed were microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and diencephalic encephaloceles. Histologic examination of embryos on the 10th, 11th, 12th, and 13th days of gestation revealed a marked deficiency of mesenchyme in the frontonasal process, which led to a foreshortened and deformed nasal septum. These data confirm that the teratogenicity of cadmium is highly specific for the region of the anterior neural segment on the eighth day of gestation, The deficiency of mesenchyme in the frontonasal process may be the result of disruption in neural crest cell development in this region.
Literature Cited
- Adams D., and L. S. McFarland (1972) Morphology of the nasal fossae and associated structures of the hamster (Mesocricetus auratus). J. Morphol., 137: 161–180.
- Andersen, H., and M. Matthiessen (1967) Histochemistry of the early development of the human central face and nasal cavity with special reference to the movements and fusion of the palatine processes. Acta Anat., 68: 473–508.
- Barr, M. Jr. (1973) The teratogenicity of cadmium chloride in two stocks of wistar rats. Teratology, 7: 237–242.
- Boyer, C. (1953) Chronology of development for the golden hamster. J. Morphol., 92: 1–37.
- Burk, D. A. (1979) Morphogenesis of median facial clefts in mice treated with diazo-oxo-norleucine. Anat. Rec., 193: 493–494.
- Cohen, M. M. Jr., J. E. Jirásek, R. T. Guzman, R. T. Gorlin, and M. Q. Peterson (1971) Holoprosencephaly and facial dysmorphia: Nosology, etiology and pathogenesis. Birth Defects: Original Article Series. Vol. VII, No. 7. New York: Alan R. Liss, pp. 125–135.
- DeMyer, W. (1967) The median cleft face syndrome. Neurology, 17: 961–971.
- Denecker, L. (1975) Possible mechanisms of cadmium feto-toxicity in golden hamsters and mice: Uptake by the embryo, placenta and ovary. J. Reprod. Fertil., 44: 461–471.
- Ferm, V. H. (1967) The use of the golden hamster in experimental teratology. Lab. Anim. Care, 17: 452–462.
- Ferm, V. H. (1971) Developmental malformations induced by cadmium: A study of timed injections during embryogenesis. Biol. Neonate, 19: 101–107.
- Ferm, V. H., D. P. Hanlon, and J. Urban (1969) The permeability of the hamster placenta to radioactive cadmium. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol., 22: 107–113.
- Gabbiani, G., D. Baic, and C. Deziel (1967) Studies on tolerance and ionic antagonism for cadmium or mercury. Can. J. Phys. Pharmacol., 45: 443–450.
- Gale, T. F., and V. H. Ferm (1973) Skeletal malformations resulting from cadmium treatment in the hamster. Biol. Neonate, 23: 149–160.
- Gale, T. F., and W. M. Layton (1979) Cadmium-induced embryotoxic effects in inbred hamster strains. Teratology, 19: 27A.
- Hilbelink, D. R., and S. Kaplan (1978) Fast-green staining of whole embryos for examination and photography. Stain Technol., 53: 261–263.
- His, W. (1892) Die entwickelung der menschlichen und theirischer physiognomen. Arch. Anat. Physiol. Lpz., 384–424.
- Johnston, M. C. (1975) The neural crest in abnormalities of the face and brain. Birth Defects: Original Article Series. Vol. XI, No. 7. New York: Alan R. Liss, pp. 1–18.
- Johnston, M. C. (1977) Pathogenesis of selected craniofacial malformations. Birth Defects: Original ARticle Series. Vol. XIII, No. 30. New York: Alan R. Liss, pp. 1–5.
- Johnston, M. C., A. Bhakdinaronk, and C. C. Reid (1972) An expanded role of the neural crest in oral and pharyngeal development. In: Fourth Symposium on Oral Sensation and Perception: Development in the Fetus and Infant. J. Bosma, ed. DHEW, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, pp. 37–52.
- Juriloff, D. M., and D. G. Trasler (1976) Test of the hypothesis that embryonic face shape is a causal factor in genetic predisposition to cleft lip in mice. Teratology, 14: 35–42.
- Kaplan, S., and C. T. Grabowski (1967) Analysis of trypan blue-induced rumplessness in chick embryos. J. Exp. Zool., 165: 325–336.
- LeLievre, C. S., and N. M. LeDouarin (1975) Mesenchymal derivatives of the neural crest: Analysis of chimaeric quail and chick embryos. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol., 34: 125–154.
- LeJour-Jeanty, M. (1966) Becs-de-lièvre provoqués chez le rat par un dérivé de la penicilline; l'hadacidine. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol., 15: 193–211.
- LeJour, M. (1970) Cleft lip induced in the rat. Cleft Palate J., 7: 169–186.
- Mulliken, J. (1979) Personal communication.
- Mulvihill, J. E., S. H. Gamm, and V. H. Ferm (1970) Facial formation in normal and cadmium-treated golden hamsters. J. Embryol. Exp. Morphol., 24: 393–403.
- Noden, D. M. (1975) Analysis of the migratory behavior of avian cephalic neural crest cells. Dev. Biol., 42: 106–130.
- Parizek, J. (1957) The destructive effect of cadmium ion on testicular tissue and its prevention by zinc. J. Endocrinol., 15: 56–63.
- Parizek, J., I. Ostadalova, I. Benes, and A. Babicky (1968) Pregnancy and trace elements: The protective effect of compounds of an essential trace element-selenium-against the peculiar toxic effects of cadmium during pregnancy. J. Reprod. Fertil., 16: 507–509.
- Patten, B. M. (1961) The normal development of the facial region. In: Congenital Anomalies of the Face and Associated Structures. S. Pruzansky, ed. Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, pp. 1–20.
- Pratt, R. M., M. A. Larsen, and M. C. Johnston (1975) Migration of cranial neural crest cells in a cell-free hyaluronate-rich matrix. Dev. Biol., 44: 298–305.
- Ross, R. B., and M. C. Johnston (1972) Cleft Lip and Palate. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore.
- Sodano, O., M. Cohen Jr., J. Jirásek, and R. J. Gorlin (1970) Frontonasal dysplasia. J. Pediatr. 76: 906–913.
- Shah, R. M., and A. P. Chaudry (1974) Light microscopic and histochemical observations on the development of the palate in the Golden Syrian hamster. J. Anat., 117: 1–15.
- Sokal, R. R., and F. J. Rohlf (1969) Biometry. W.H. Freeman and Company, New York.
- Smith, S. C., and I. W. Monie (1969) Normal and abnormal nasolabial morphogenesis in the rat. Teratology, 2: 1–12.
- Stark, R. B. (1954) The pathogenesis of harelip and cleft palate. Plast. Reconstr. Surg., 13: 20–39.
- Streeter, G. L. (1951) Developmental Horizons in Human Embryos - Age Groups XI to XXIII. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Lord Baltimore Press, Baltimore.
- Taylor, R. G. (1978) Craniofacial growth during closure of the secondary palate in hamster. J. Anat., 125: 361–370.
- Toole, B. P., and R. L. Trelstad (1971) Hyaluronate production and removal during corneal development in the chick. Dev. Biol., 26: 28–35.
- Trasler, D. G. (1968) Pathogenesis of cleft lip and its relation to embryonic face shape in A/J and C57BL mice. Teratology, 1: 33–50.
- Trasler, D. G., and S. Leong (1974) Face shape and mitotic index in mice with 6-aminonicotinamide-induced and inherited cleft lip. Teratology, 9: A-39.
- Veau, V., and G. Politzer (1936) Embryologie du bec-delièvre. Le Palais Primare. Ann. d'Anat. Pathol., 13: 275–326.
- Warbrick, H. G. (1960) The early development of the nasal cavity and upper lip in the human embryo. J. Anat., 94: 351–362.
- Waterman, R. E., and S. M. Meller (1973) Nasal pit formation in the hamster: A transmission and scanning electron microscopic study. Dev. Biol.; 34: 255–266.
- Wolkowski, R. M. (1974) Differential cadmium-induced embryotoxicity in two inbred mouse strains. I. Analysis of inheritance of the response to cadmium and of the presence of cadmium in fetal and placental tissues. Teratology, 10: 243–262.
