High-Performance Ternary Semitransparent Polymer Solar Cells with Different Bandgap Third Component as Non-Fullerene Guest Acceptor
Xiangkun Wang
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
Search for more papers by this authorXiaohua Zhai
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
Search for more papers by this authorXiao Kang
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
Search for more papers by this authorXiqiang Ding
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
Search for more papers by this authorCaiyun Gao
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
Search for more papers by this authorXin Jing
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
Search for more papers by this authorLiangmin Yu
Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266100 China
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Mingliang Sun
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266100 China
Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China
Search for more papers by this authorXiangkun Wang
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
Search for more papers by this authorXiaohua Zhai
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
Search for more papers by this authorXiao Kang
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
Search for more papers by this authorXiqiang Ding
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
Search for more papers by this authorCaiyun Gao
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
Search for more papers by this authorXin Jing
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
Search for more papers by this authorLiangmin Yu
Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266100 China
Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Mingliang Sun
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
Open Studio for Marine Corrosion and Protection, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, 266100 China
Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 China
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Ternary semitransparent polymer solar cells (ST-PSCs) have great potential to simultaneously improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and average visible transmittance (AVT). Non-fullerene acceptor IHIC was synthesized by a simple one-step process under low cost and had an A-D-A structure similar to ITIC and IT-4F. Ternary device based on PM6:Y6:IHIC (20%) demonstrated higher hole and electron mobility (2.78, 3.12 × 10−4 cm2 V−1 S−1) and more balanced charge transport properties (μe/μh = 1.12) than the host binary device, and the ternary ST-PSC demonstrated a PCE of 12.18% and AVT of 27.07%. Ternary PSCs with 20% ITIC or IT-4F also exhibited more balanced μe/μh ratios (1.31 and 0.85), but with slightly enhanced short-current circuit density (JSC) and reduced AVT (23–24%), mainly owing to unavoidable absorption of third component in the visible region. Our conclusion in this work was that the little A-D-A non-fullerene acceptor could improve ternary blend film morphology and charge transport channels and enhanced JSC and PCE, and PM6:Y6:IHIC (20%) with high AVT over 27% and PCE over 12% was more suitable in ST-PSCs than PM6:Y6:ITIC/IT-4F (20%).
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Open Research
Data Availability Statement
Research data are not shared.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| solr202200070-sup-0001-SuppData-S1.pdf2.1 MB | Supplementary Material |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
References
- 1Y. Lin, J. Wang, Z.-G. Zhang, H. Bai, Y. Li, D. Zhu, X. Zhan, Adv. Mater. 2015, 27, 1170.
- 2S. Dai, F. Zhao, Q. Zhang, T.-K. Lau, T. Li, K. Liu, Q. Ling, C. Wang, X. Lu, W. You, X. Zhan, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 1336.
- 3S. Dai, T. Li, W. Wang, Y. Xiao, T.-K. Lau, Z. Li, K. Liu, X. Lu, X. Zhan, Adv. Mater. 2018, 30, 1706571.
- 4W. Zhao, D. Qian, S. Zhang, S. Li, O. Inganäs, F. Gao, J. Hou, Adv. Mater. 2016, 28, 4734.
- 5J. Yuan, Y. Zhang, L. Zhou, G. Zhang, H.-L. Yip, T.-K. Lau, X. Lu, C. Zhu, H. Peng, P. A. Johnson, M. Leclerc, Y. Cao, J. Ulanski, Y. Li, Y. Zou, Joule 2019, 3, 1140.
- 6W. Zhao, S. Li, H. Yao, S. Zhang, Y. Zhang, B. Yang, J. Hou, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2017, 139, 7148.
- 7G. Li, C. W. Chu, V. Shrotriya, J. Huang, Y. Yang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 2006, 88, 253503.
- 8R. F. Bailey-Salzman, B. P. Rand, S. R. Forrest, Appl. Phys. Lett. 2006, 88, 233502.
- 9W. Wang, C. Yan, T.-K. Lau, J. Wang, K. Liu, Y. Fan, X. Lu, X. Zhan, Adv. Mater. 2017, 29, 1701308.
- 10H. Shi, R. Xia, G. Zhang, H.-L. Yip, Y. Cao, Adv. Energy Mater. 2019, 9, 1803438.
- 11X. Wang, Y. Yao, X. Jing, F. Li, L. Yu, Y. Hao, M. Sun, J. Mater. Chem. C 2019, 7, 10868.
- 12L. Hong, H. Yao, Y. Cui, P. Bi, T. Zhang, Y. Cheng, Y. Zu, J. Qin, R. Yu, Z. Ge, J. Hou, Adv. Mater. 2021, 33, 2103091.
- 13Y. Cui, Y. Xu, H. Yao, P. Bi, L. Hong, J. Zhang, Y. Zu, T. Zhang, J. Qin, J. Ren, Z. Chen, C. He, X. Hao, Z. Wei, J. Hou, Adv. Mater. 2021, 33, 2102420.
- 14P. Bi, S. Zhang, Z. Chen, Y. Xu, Y. Cui, T. Zhang, J. Ren, J. Qin, L. Hong, X. Hao, J. Hou, Joule 2021, 5, 2408.
- 15P. Yin, Z. Yin, Y. Ma, Q. Zheng, Energy Environ. Sci. 2020, 13, 5177.
- 16D. Wang, R. Qin, G. Zhou, X. Li, R. Xia, Y. Li, L. Zhan, H. Zhu, X. Lu, H.-L. Yip, H. Chen, C.-Z. Li, Adv. Mater. 2020, 32, 2001621.
- 17X. Liu, Y. Yan, Y. Yao, Z. Liang, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2018, 28, 1802004.
- 18R. A. Street, D. Davies, P. P. Khlyabich, B. Burkhart, B. C. Thompson, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 986.
- 19C. Xu, K. Jin, Z. Xiao, Z. Zhao, X. Ma, X. Wang, J. Li, W. Xu, S. Zhang, L. Ding, F. Zhang, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2021, 31, 2107934.
- 20Y. Li, L. Yu, L. Chen, C. Han, H. Jiang, Z. Liu, N. Zheng, J. Wang, M. Sun, R. Yang, X. Bao, The Innovation 2021, 2, 100090.
- 21J. Fang, Q. Liu, J. Zhang, L. Ye, J. Wu, Z. Wei, X. Guo, M. Zhang, Y. Li, Solar RRL 2020, 4, 2000275.
- 22T. Yan, W. Song, J. Huang, R. Peng, L. Huang, Z. Ge, Adv. Mater. 2019, 31, 1902210.
- 23P. P. Khlyabich, B. Burkhart, B. C. Thompson, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 14534.
- 24H. Jiang, X. Li, J. Wang, S. Qiao, Y. Zhang, N. Zheng, W. Chen, Y. Li, R. Yang, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2019, 29, 1903596.
- 25J. Gao, X. Ma, C. Xu, X. Wang, J. H. Son, S. Y. Jeong, Y. Zhang, C. Zhang, K. Wang, L. Niu, J. Zhang, H. Y. Woo, J. Zhang, F. Zhang, Chem. Eng. J. 2022, 428, 129276.
- 26K. Wang, W. Li, X. Guo, Q. Zhu, Q. Fan, Q. Guo, W. Ma, M. Zhang, Chem. Mater. 2021, 33, 5981.
- 27J. Li, Z. Liang, Y. Wang, H. Li, J. Tong, X. Bao, Y. Xia, J. Mater. Chem. C 2018, 6, 11015.
- 28T. Liu, L. Huo, X. Sun, B. Fan, Y. Cai, T. Kim, J. Y. Kim, H. Choi, Y. Sun, Adv. Energy Mater. 2016, 6, 1502109.
- 29W. Shen, W. Chen, D. Zhu, J. Zhang, X. Xu, H. Jiang, T. Wang, E. Wang, R. Yang, J. Mater. Chem. A 2017, 5, 12400.
- 30Z. Hu, J. Wang, Z. Wang, W. Gao, Q. An, M. Zhang, X. Ma, J. Wang, J. Miao, C. Yang, F. Zhang, Nano Energy 2019, 55, 424.
- 31Z. Zhou, S. Xu, J. Song, Y. Jin, Q. Yue, Y. Qian, F. Liu, F. Zhang, X. Zhu, Nat. Energy 2018, 3, 952.
- 32W. Zhao, S. Li, S. Zhang, X. Liu, J. Hou, Adv. Mater. 2017, 29, 1604059.
- 33N. Zhang, T. Jiang, C. Guo, L. Qiao, Q. Ji, L. Yin, L. Yu, P. Murto, X. Xu, Nano Energy 2020, 77, 105111.
- 34Y. Zhang, D. Liu, T.-K. Lau, L. Zhan, D. Shen, P. W. K. Fong, C. Yan, S. Zhang, X. Lu, C.-S. Lee, J. Hou, H. Chen, G. Li, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2020, 30, 1910466.
- 35Q. Liu, Y. Wang, J. Fang, H. Liu, L. Zhu, X. Guo, M. Gao, Z. Tang, L. Ye, F. Liu, M. Zhang, Y. Li, Nano Energy 2021, 85, 105963.
- 36X. Wang, X. Zhai, X. Jing, C. Gao, Y. He, L. Yu, M. Sun, Chem. Eng. J. 2022, 427, 132048.
- 37Z. Zheng, O. M. Awartani, B. Gautam, D. Liu, Y. Qin, W. Li, A. Bataller, K. Gundogdu, H. Ade, J. Hou, Adv. Mater. 2017, 29, 1604241.
- 38Q. Fan, W. Su, Y. Wang, B. Guo, Y. Jiang, X. Guo, F. Liu, T. P. Russell, M. Zhang, Y. Li, Sci. Chi. Chem. 2018, 61, 531.
- 39J. Zhang, G. Xu, F. Tao, G. Zeng, M. Zhang, Y. Yang, Y. Li, Y. Li, Adv. Mater. 2019, 31, 1807159.
- 40X. Zeng, W. Jiang, X. Jiang, G. I. N. Waterhouse, Z. Zhang, L. Yu, Anal. Chim. Acta 2020, 1094, 26.
- 41W. Jiang, R. Yu, Z. Liu, R. Peng, D. Mi, L. Hong, Q. Wei, J. Hou, Y. Kuang, Z. Ge, Adv. Mater. 2018, 30, 1703005.
- 42J. Song, C. Li, L. Zhu, J. Guo, J. Xu, X. Zhang, K. Weng, K. Zhang, J. Min, X. Hao, Y. Zhang, F. Liu, Y. Sun, Adv. Mater. 2019, 31, 1905645.
- 43Z. Li, X. Xu, W. Zhang, X. Meng, Z. Genene, W. Ma, W. Mammo, A. Yartsev, M. R. Andersson, R. A. J. Janssen, E. Wang, Energy Environ. Sci. 2017, 10, 2212.
- 44M. Zhang, W. Gao, F. Zhang, Y. Mi, W. Wang, Q. An, J. Wang, X. Ma, J. Miao, Z. Hu, X. Liu, J. Zhang, C. Yang, Energy Environ. Sci. 2018, 11, 841.
- 45L. Gao, J. Zhang, C. He, Y. Zhang, Q. Sun, Y. Li, Sci. China Chem. 2014, 57, 966.
- 46J. S. Moon, C. J. Takacs, S. Cho, R. C. Coffin, H. Kim, G. C. Bazan, A. J. Heeger, Nano Lett. 2010, 10, 4005.
- 47T. Shi, Z. Zhang, X. Guo, Z. Liu, C. Wang, S. Huang, T. Jia, C. Quan, Q. Xiong, M. Zhang, J. Du, Y. Leng, Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 2174.
- 48Z. Wang, X. Zhu, J. Zhang, K. Lu, J. Fang, Y. Zhang, Z. Wang, L. Zhu, W. Ma, Z. Shuai, Z. Wei, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2018, 140, 1549.
- 49P. P. Khlyabich, B. Burkhart, B. C. Thompson, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 9074.
- 50Z. Hu, Z. Wang, Q. An, F. Zhang, Sci. Bull. 2020, 65, 131.
- 51S. R. Cowan, A. Roy, A. J. Heeger, Phys. Rev. B 2010, 82, 245207.
- 52X. Wang, K. Zhu, X. Jing, Q. Wang, F. Li, L. Yu, M. Sun, ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2020, 3, 915.
- 53Z. Hu, Z. Wang, F. Zhang, J. Mater. Chem. A 2019, 7, 7025.
- 54X. Ma, Z. Xiao, Q. An, M. Zhang, Z. Hu, J. Wang, L. Ding, F. Zhang, J. Mater. Chem. A 2018, 6, 21485.
- 55X. Zhai, X. Wang, K. Zhu, C. Gao, Y. He, L. Yu, M. Sun, Dyes Pigm. 2021, 195, 109680.
- 56Z. Hu, J. Wang, X. Ma, J. Gao, C. Xu, X. Wang, X. Zhang, Z. Wang, F. Zhang, J. Mater. Chem. A 2021, 9, 6797.
- 57Y. Xiong, R. E. Booth, T. Kim, L. Ye, Y. Liu, Q. Dong, M. Zhang, F. So, Y. Zhu, A. Amassian, B. T. O’Connor, H. Ade, Solar RRL 2020, 4, 2000328.
- 58X. Wang, Q. Sun, J. Gao, X. Ma, J. H. Son, S. Y. Jeong, Z. Hu, L. Niu, H. Y. Woo, J. Zhang, F. Zhang, Solar RRL 2021, 5, 2100007.
- 59C. Han, J. Wang, L. Chen, J. Chen, L. Zhou, P. Wang, W. Shen, N. Zheng, S. Wen, Y. Li, X. Bao, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2021, 31, 2107026.
- 60S. Schubert, J. Meiss, L. Müller-Meskamp, K. Leo, Adv. Energy Mater. 2013, 3, 438.
- 61Z. Yin, J. Wei, S.-C. Chen, D. Cai, Y. Ma, M. Wang, Q. Zheng, J. Mater. Chem. A 2017, 5, 3888.
- 62J.-S. Huang, T. Goh, X. Li, M. Y. Sfeir, E. A. Bielinski, S. Tomasulo, M. L. Lee, N. Hazari, A. D. Taylor, Nat. Photonics 2013, 7, 479.
- 63R. Lv, D. Chen, X. Liao, L. Chen, Y. Chen, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2019, 29, 1805872.
- 64H. Jiang, X. Li, H. Wang, G. Huang, W. Chen, R. Zhang, R. Yang, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2020, 12, 26286.
- 65L. Zhang, X. Xu, B. Lin, H. Zhao, T. Li, J. Xin, Z. Bi, G. Qiu, S. Guo, K. Zhou, X. Zhan, W. Ma, Adv. Mater. 2018, 30, 1805041.
- 66M. A. Adil, J. Zhang, Y. Wang, J. Yu, C. Yang, G. Lu, Z. Wei, Nano Energy 2020, 68, 104271.
