Scanning Probe-based Fabrication of 3D Nanostructures via Affinity Templates, Functional RNA, and Meniscus-mediated Surface Remodeling
Sung-Wook Chung
Chemistry, Materials, Earth and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAndrew D. Presley
Chemistry, Materials, Earth and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSelim Elhadj
Chemistry, Materials, Earth and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSaphon Hok
Chemistry, Materials, Earth and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSang Soo Hah
Chemistry, Materials, Earth and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAlex A. Chernov
Chemistry, Materials, Earth and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMatthew B. Francis
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorBruce E. Eaton
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDaniel L. Feldheim
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
James J. Deyoreo
Chemistry, Materials, Earth and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory, Berkley, California, USA
Chemistry, Materials, Earth and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94551, USA.Search for more papers by this authorSung-Wook Chung
Chemistry, Materials, Earth and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAndrew D. Presley
Chemistry, Materials, Earth and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSelim Elhadj
Chemistry, Materials, Earth and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSaphon Hok
Chemistry, Materials, Earth and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSang Soo Hah
Chemistry, Materials, Earth and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAlex A. Chernov
Chemistry, Materials, Earth and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMatthew B. Francis
Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorBruce E. Eaton
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDaniel L. Feldheim
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
James J. Deyoreo
Chemistry, Materials, Earth and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkley National Laboratory, Berkley, California, USA
Chemistry, Materials, Earth and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Ave., Livermore, CA 94551, USA.Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Developing generic platforms to organize discrete molecular elements and nanostructures into deterministic patterns on surfaces is one of the central challenges in the field of nanotechnology. Here we review three applications of the atomic force microscope (AFM) that address this challenge. In the first, we use two-step nanografting to create patterns of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) to drive the organization of virus particles that have been either genetically or chemically modified to bind to the SAMs. Virus-SAM chemistries are described that provide irreversible and reversible binding, respectively. In the second, we use similar SAM patterns as affinity templates that have been designed to covalently bind oligonucleotides engineered to bind to the SAMs and selected for their ability to mediate the subsequent growth of metallic nanocrystals. In the final application, the liquid meniscus that condenses at the AFM tip-substrate contact is used as a physical tool to both modulate the surface topography of a water soluble substrate and guide the hierarchical assembly of Au nanoparticles into nanowires. All three approaches can be generalized to meet the requirements of a wide variety of materials systems and thereby provide a potential route toward development of a generic platform for molecular and materials organization. SCANNING 30: 000–000, 2008. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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