Vitamin D and genetic ancestry are associated with apoptosis rates in benign and malignant prostatic epithelium
James Stinson MD
Division of Urology, Cook County Health and Hospitals System, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorCordero McCall MBA, MPH
Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorRyan W. Dobbs MD
Division of Urology, Cook County Health and Hospitals System, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorNeil Mistry MD
Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAdrian Rosenberg BA
Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorOluwarotimi S. Nettey MD
Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorPooja Sharma BS, BA, BMS
Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMichael Dixon BS
Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJamila Sweis BS
Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorVirgilia Macias MD
Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorRoohollah Sharifi MD
Section of Urology, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorRick A. Kittles PhD
Department of Population Sciences, Division of Health Equities, City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAndre Kajdacsy-Balla MD, PhD
Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Adam B. Murphy MD, MBA, MSCI
Division of Urology, Cook County Health and Hospitals System, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Section of Urology, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Correspondence Adam B. Murphy, Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Ave, Tarry Bldg 16-729, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorJames Stinson MD
Division of Urology, Cook County Health and Hospitals System, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorCordero McCall MBA, MPH
Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorRyan W. Dobbs MD
Division of Urology, Cook County Health and Hospitals System, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorNeil Mistry MD
Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAdrian Rosenberg BA
Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorOluwarotimi S. Nettey MD
Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorPooja Sharma BS, BA, BMS
Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMichael Dixon BS
Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJamila Sweis BS
Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorVirgilia Macias MD
Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorRoohollah Sharifi MD
Section of Urology, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorRick A. Kittles PhD
Department of Population Sciences, Division of Health Equities, City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, California, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAndre Kajdacsy-Balla MD, PhD
Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Adam B. Murphy MD, MBA, MSCI
Division of Urology, Cook County Health and Hospitals System, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Section of Urology, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Correspondence Adam B. Murphy, Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 E Chicago Ave, Tarry Bldg 16-729, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorJames Stinson and Cordero McCalls contributed equally to this study.
Abstract
Purpose
Vitamin D metabolites may be protective against prostate cancer (PCa). We conducted a cross-sectional analysis to evaluate associations between in vivo vitamin D status, genetic ancestry, and degree of apoptosis using prostatic epithelial terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining.
Experimental design
Benign and tumor epithelial punch biopsies of participants with clinically localized PCa underwent indirect TUNEL staining. Serum levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D were assessed immediately before radical prostatectomy; levels of prostatic 25(OH)D were obtained from the specimen once the prostate was extracted. Ancestry informative markers were used to estimate the percentage of genetic West African, Native American, and European ancestry.
Results
One hundred twenty-one newly diagnosed men, age 40–79, were enrolled between 2013 and 2018. Serum 25(OH)D correlated positively with both tumor (ρ = 0.17, p = 0.03), and benign (ρ = 0.16, p = 0.04) prostatic epithelial TUNEL staining. Similarly, prostatic 25(OH)D correlated positively with both tumor (ρ = 0.31, p < 0.001) and benign (ρ = 0.20, p = 0.03) epithelial TUNEL staining. Only Native American ancestry was positively correlated with tumor (ρ = 0.22, p = 0.05) and benign (ρ = 0.27, p = 0.02) TUNEL staining. In multivariate regression models, increasing quartiles of prostatic 25(OH)D (β = 0.25, p = 0.04) and Native American ancestry (β = 0.327, p = 0.004) were independently associated with tumor TUNEL staining.
Conclusions
Physiologic serum and prostatic 25(OH)D levels and Native American ancestry are positively associated with the degree of apoptosis in tumor and benign prostatic epithelium in clinically localized PCa. Vitamin D may have secondary chemoprevention benefits in preventing PCa progression in localized disease.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
A deidentified version of the analytic database would be made available as an SPSS or an Excel database for interested parties. Researchers should have a credible research idea and data sharing will be subject to Northwestern University's Data Use agreement.
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