Volume 79, Issue 4 pp. 1851-1861

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Echo-planar spectroscopic imaging with dual-readout alternated gradients (DRAG-EPSI) at 7 T: Application for 2-hydroxyglutarate imaging in glioma patients

Zhongxu An,

Zhongxu An

orcid.org/0000-0003-3759-5645

Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Vivek Tiwari,

Vivek Tiwari

Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Sandeep K. Ganji,

Sandeep K. Ganji

Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Jeannie Baxter,

Jeannie Baxter

Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Michael Levy,

Michael Levy

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Marco C. Pinho,

Marco C. Pinho

Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Edward Pan,

Edward Pan

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Elizabeth A. Maher,

Elizabeth A. Maher

Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Annette Strauss Center for Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Toral R. Patel,

Toral R. Patel

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Bruce E. Mickey,

Bruce E. Mickey

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Annette Strauss Center for Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Changho Choi,

Corresponding Author

Changho Choi

[email protected]

Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Correspondence to: Changho Choi, Ph.D., Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-8542, USA. Email: [email protected].Search for more papers by this author

Zhongxu An,

Zhongxu An

orcid.org/0000-0003-3759-5645

Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Vivek Tiwari,

Vivek Tiwari

Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Sandeep K. Ganji,

Sandeep K. Ganji

Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Jeannie Baxter,

Jeannie Baxter

Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Michael Levy,

Michael Levy

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Marco C. Pinho,

Marco C. Pinho

Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Edward Pan,

Edward Pan

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Elizabeth A. Maher,

Elizabeth A. Maher

Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Annette Strauss Center for Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Toral R. Patel,

Toral R. Patel

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Bruce E. Mickey,

Bruce E. Mickey

Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Annette Strauss Center for Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

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Changho Choi,

Corresponding Author

Changho Choi

[email protected]

Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA

First published: 22 August 2017

https://doi.org/10.1002/mrm.26884

Citations: 29

This work was supported by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health under award number R01CA184584, and by the Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas under award numbers RP140021-P04 and RP130427.

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Abstract

Purpose

To develop echo-planar spectroscopic imaging (EPSI) with large spectral width and accomplish high-resolution imaging of 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) at 7 T.

Methods

We designed a new EPSI readout scheme at 7 T. Data were recorded with dual-readout alternated gradients and combined according to the gradient polarity. Following validation of its performance in phantoms, the new readout scheme, together with previously reported 2HG-optimized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (point-resolved spectroscopy echo time of 78 ms), was used for time-efficient and high-resolution imaging of 2HG and other metabolites in five glioma patients before treatment. Unsuppressed water, acquired with EPSI, was used as reference for multichannel combination, eddy-current compensation, and metabolite quantification. Spectral fitting was conducted with the LCModel using in-house calculated basis sets.

Results

Using a readout gradient strength of 9.5 mT/m and slew rate of 90 mT/m/ms, dual-readout alternated gradients EPSI permitted 1638-Hz spectral width with 6 × 6 mm² in-plane resolution at 7 T. Phantom data indicated that dual-readout alternated gradients EPSI provides proper metabolite signals and induces much less frequency drifts than conventional EPSI. For a spatial resolution of 0.5 mL, 2HG was detected in tumors with precision (Cramer-Rao lower bound < 10%). The 2HG was estimated to be 2.3 to 3.3 mM in tumors of three patients with biopsy-proven isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant gliomas. The 2HG was undetectable in an IDH wild-type glioblastoma. For a radiographically suggested glioma, the estimated 2HG of 2.3 ± 0.2 mM (Cramer-Rao lower bound < 10%) indicated that the lesion may be an IDH mutant glioma.

Conclusions

The data indicated that the dual-readout alternated gradients EPSI can provide reliable high-resolution imaging of 2HG in glioma patients at 7 T in vivo. Magn Reson Med 79:1851–1861, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

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Citing Literature

Volume79, Issue4

April 2018

Pages 1851-1861

Echo-planar spectroscopic imaging with dual-readout alternated gradients (DRAG-EPSI) at 7 T: Application for 2-hydroxyglutarate imaging in glioma patients

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

REFERENCES

Citing Literature

References

Information

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Echo-planar spectroscopic imaging with dual-readout alternated gradients (DRAG-EPSI) at 7 T: Application for 2-hydroxyglutarate imaging in glioma patients

Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results

Conclusions

REFERENCES

Citing Literature

References

Related

Information