Communication
Intrinsic signal amplification in the application of 2D SENSE parallel imaging to 3D contrast-enhanced elliptical centric MRA and MRV
Stephen J. Riederer,
Houchun Harry Hu,
David G. Kruger,
Clifton R. Haider,
Norbert G. Campeau,
John Huston III,
Corresponding Author
Stephen J. Riederer
MR Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
MR Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, SW, Rochester, MN 55902===Search for more papers by this authorHouchun Harry Hu
MR Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDavid G. Kruger
MR Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorClifton R. Haider
MR Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorNorbert G. Campeau
MR Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJohn Huston III
MR Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorStephen J. Riederer,
Houchun Harry Hu,
David G. Kruger,
Clifton R. Haider,
Norbert G. Campeau,
John Huston III,
Corresponding Author
Stephen J. Riederer
MR Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
MR Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street, SW, Rochester, MN 55902===Search for more papers by this authorHouchun Harry Hu
MR Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDavid G. Kruger
MR Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorClifton R. Haider
MR Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorNorbert G. Campeau
MR Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJohn Huston III
MR Research Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The relative signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) provided by 2D sensitivity encoding (SENSE) when applied to 3D contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CE-MRA) is studied. If an elliptical centric phase-encoding order is used to map the waning magnetization of the contrast bolus to k-space, the application of SENSE will reduce the degree of k-space signal modulation, providing a signal amplification A over corresponding nonaccelerated acquisitions. This offsets the SNR loss in R-accelerated SENSE due to
and the geometry (g) factor. The theoretical bound on A is R and is reduced from this depending on the properties of the bolus profile and the duration over which it is imaged. In this work a signal amplification of 1.14–1.23 times that of nonvascular background tissue is demonstrated in a study of 20 volunteers using R = 4 2D SENSE whole-brain MR venography (MRV). The effects of a nonuniform g-factor and inhomogeneity of background tissue are accounted for. The observed amplification compares favorably with the value of 1.31 predicted numerically from a measured bolus curve. Magn Reson Med 58:855–864, 2007. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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