The results of three experimental studies, i.e. GC-MS of peroxide-cross-linked alkene/alkane mixtures, ¹³C NMR of peroxide-cured, ¹³C-labeled 2-ethylidene-5-norbornene - ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer (EPDM) and EPR of peroxide curing of EPDM, are combined, yielding a more accurate description of the mechanism of peroxide cure of EPDM. Both alkyl and allyl macro-radicals are formed via H-abstraction from the EPM main chain and the residual diene unsaturation, respectively. Combination of these macro-radicals yields alkyl/alkyl, alkyl/allyl and allyl/allyl cross-links and addition of these macro-radicals to the residual diene unsaturation yields alkyl/alkene and allyl/alkene cross-links.

References

1 W. Hofmann, “ Rubber Technology Handbook”, Hanser Publishers, Munich 1989.
Google Scholar
2 J. A. Riedel, R. Vander Laan, “ Ethylene Propylene Rubbers”, in “ The Vanderbilt Rubber Handbook”, 13^th Ed. 1973, p. 123.
Google Scholar
3 F. P. Baldwin, P. Borzel, C. A. Cohen, H. S. Makowski, J. F. van de Castle, Rubber Chem. Technol. 1970, 43, 522.
10.5254/1.3547272
CAS Google Scholar
4 M. van Duin, H. G. Dikland, Rubber Chem. Technol. 2003, 76, 132.
10.5254/1.3547729
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
5 M. van Duin, M. Dees, H. G. Dikland, Kautsch. Gummi Kunstst. 2008, 61, 233.
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
6 M. Dees, M. van Duin, Rubber World, Aug./Sept. 2008.
Google Scholar
7 M. van Duin, Kautsch. Gummi Kunstst. 2002, 55, 150.
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
8 H. G. Dikland, M. van Duin, “ Crosslinking of EPDM and Polydiene Rubbers Studied by Optical Spectroscopy” in “ Spectroscopy of Rubbers and Rubbery Materials”, Rapra Technology Ltd., V. M. Litvinov,, P. P. De (Eds.), Shawbury, Shrewsbury, Shropshire 2002, p. 207.
Google Scholar
9 W. C. Endstra, C. T. J. Wreesman, in “ Elastomer Technology Handbook”, N. P. Cheremisinoff (Ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton 1993, p. 495.
Google Scholar
10 P. Dluzneski, Rubber Chem. Technol. 2001, 74, 451.
10.5254/1.3547647
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
11 M. van Duin, B. Coussens, “ (Re)evaluation of the Importance of Hydrogen Abstraction during Radical Grafting of Polyolefins”, 11^th Polymer Processing Society meeting, Stuttgart 1995.
Google Scholar
12 H. G. Dikland, Kautsch. Gummi Kunstst. 1996, 49, 413.
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
13 K. Fujimoto, S. Nakade, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 1969, 13, 1509.
10.1002/app.1969.070130714
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
14 S. K. Henning, R. Costin, Rubber World 2006, 233, 28.
CAS Google Scholar
15 R. Peters, M. van Duin, D. Tonoli, G. Kwakkenbos, Y. Mengerink, R. van Benthem, Ch. de Koster, P. J. Schoenmakers, S. van der Wal, J. Chromatography A 2008, 1201, 151.
10.1016/j.chroma.2008.05.067
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
16 R. A. Orza, P. C. M. M. Magusin, V. M. Litvinov, M. van Duin, M. A. J. Michels, Macromolecules 2009, 42, 8914.
10.1021/ma9016482
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar
17 M. Zachary, S. Camara, A. C. Whitwood, B. C. Gilbert, M. van Duin, R. Meier, V. Chechik, Eur. Polym. J. 2008, 44, 1099.
10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.04.008
Web of Science® Google Scholar
18 R. Peters, D. Tonoli, M. van Duin, G. Kwakkenbos, Y. Mengerink, R. van Benthem, Ch. de Koster, P. J. Schoenmakers, S. van der Wal, J. Chromatography A 2008, 1201, 141.
10.1016/j.chroma.2008.03.092
CAS PubMed Web of Science® Google Scholar
19 “ Spectroscopy of Rubbers and Rubbery Materials”, Rapra Technology Ltd., V. M. Litvinov, P. P. De (Eds.), Shawbury, Shrewsbury, Shropshire 2002, p. 207.
Google Scholar
20 W. Heinen, L. N. Ballyns, W. J. A. Wittenburg, R. Winters, J. Lugtenburg, M. van Duin, Polymer 1999, 40, 4353.
10.1016/S0032-3861(98)00665-X
CAS Web of Science® Google Scholar

Citing Literature

Volume291-292, Issue1

Special Issue:Polymer Networks: Synthesis, Properties, Theory and Applications

May 2010

Pages 66-74

Mechanism of Peroxide Cross-Linking of EPDM Rubber

Abstract

References

Citing Literature

References

Information

About Wiley Online Library

Help & Support

Opportunities

Connect with Wiley

Mechanism of Peroxide Cross-Linking of EPDM Rubber

Abstract

References

Citing Literature

References

Related

Information