Volume 298, Issue 7 pp. 2152-2176
ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Busemann functions and uniformization of Gromov hyperbolic spaces

Qingshan Zhou

Qingshan Zhou

School of Mathematics, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China

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Saminathan Ponnusamy

Corresponding Author

Saminathan Ponnusamy

Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

Correspondence

Saminathan Ponnusamy, Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamil Nadu, India.

Email: [email protected]

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Antti Rasila

Antti Rasila

Department of Mathematics with Computer Science, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong, P. R. China

Department of Mathematics and Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel

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First published: 30 June 2025

Abstract

The uniformization theory of Gromov hyperbolic spaces investigated by Bonk, Heinonen, and Koskela, generalizes the case where a classical Poincaré ball type model is used as the starting point. In this paper, we develop this approach in the case where the underlying domain is unbounded, corresponding to the classical Poincaré half-space model. More precisely, we study conformal densities via Busemann functions on Gromov hyperbolic spaces and prove that the deformed spaces are unbounded uniform spaces. Furthermore, we show that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the bilipschitz classes of proper geodesic Gromov hyperbolic spaces that are roughly starlike with respect to a point on the Gromov boundary and the quasisimilarity classes of unbounded locally compact uniform spaces. Our result can be understood as an unbounded counterpart of the main result of Bonk, Heinonen, and Koskela, Uniformizing Gromov hyperbolic spaces, Astérisque. 270 (2001).

CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

The authors declare that this research is purely theoretical and does not associate with any data.

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