Original Research

9.4T and 17.6T MRI of Retinoblastoma: Ex Vivo evaluation of microstructural anatomy and disease extent compared with histopathology

Corresponding Author

Marcus C. de Jong MD, MSc

[email protected]

Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

Address reprint requests to: M.C.d.J., Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this author

Pim de Graaf MD, PhD,

Pim de Graaf MD, PhD

Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Petra J.W. Pouwels PhD,

Petra J.W. Pouwels PhD

Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Jan-Willem Beenakker PhD,

Jan-Willem Beenakker PhD

Departments of Ophthalmology and Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

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Robin W. Jansen BSc,

Robin W. Jansen BSc

Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Jeroen J.G. Geurts MD, PhD,

Jeroen J.G. Geurts MD, PhD

Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands

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Annette C. Moll MD, PhD,

Annette C. Moll MD, PhD

Department of Ophthalmology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Jonas A. Castelijns MD, PhD,

Jonas A. Castelijns MD, PhD

Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Paul van der Valk MD, PhD,

Paul van der Valk MD, PhD

Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Louise van der Weerd PhD,

Louise van der Weerd PhD

Molecular & Functional Imaging section, Departments of Radiology & Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

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Marcus C. de Jong MD, MSc,

Corresponding Author

Marcus C. de Jong MD, MSc

[email protected]

Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

Pim de Graaf MD, PhD,

Pim de Graaf MD, PhD

Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Petra J.W. Pouwels PhD,

Petra J.W. Pouwels PhD

Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Jan-Willem Beenakker PhD,

Jan-Willem Beenakker PhD

Departments of Ophthalmology and Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

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Robin W. Jansen BSc,

Robin W. Jansen BSc

Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Jeroen J.G. Geurts MD, PhD,

Jeroen J.G. Geurts MD, PhD

Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, the Netherlands

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Annette C. Moll MD, PhD,

Annette C. Moll MD, PhD

Department of Ophthalmology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Jonas A. Castelijns MD, PhD,

Jonas A. Castelijns MD, PhD

Department of Radiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Paul van der Valk MD, PhD,

Paul van der Valk MD, PhD

Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Louise van der Weerd PhD,

Louise van der Weerd PhD

Molecular & Functional Imaging section, Departments of Radiology & Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

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First published: 28 November 2017

https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.25913

Citations: 7

The first two authors contributed equally to this work.

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Abstract

Background

Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular tumor in childhood with a good prognosis in terms of mortality, but detailed information about tumor morphology and disease extent in retinoblastoma is important for treatment decision making.

Purpose

To demonstrate ultrahigh-field MRI tumor morphology and tumor extent in retinoblastoma correlating with in and ex vivo images with histopathology.

Study Type

Prospective case series.

Population

Six retinoblastoma patients (median age 5.5 months, range 2–14) were prospectively included in this study. Median time between diagnosis and enucleation was 8 days (range 7–19).

Field Strength/Sequence

In vivo pre-enucleation at 1.5T MRI with a circular surface coil. Ex vivo imaging (FLASH T₁-weighted and RARE T₂-weighted) was performed at field strengths of 9.4T and 17.6T.

Assessment

After ex vivo imaging, the eyes were histopathologically analyzed and morphologically matched with MRI findings by three authors (two with respectively 14 and 4 years of experience in ocular MRI and one with 16 years of experience in ophthalmopathology).

Results

Small submillimeter morphological aspects of intraocular retinoblastoma were successfully depicted with higher-resolution MRI and matched with histopathology images. With ex vivo MRI a small subretinal tumor seed (300 μm) adjacent to the choroid was morphologically matched with histopathology. Also, a characteristic geographical pattern of vital tumor tissue (400 μm) surrounding a central vessel interspersed with necrotic areas correlated with histopathology images. Tumor invasion into the optic nerve showed a higher signal intensity on T₁-weighted higher-resolution MRI.

Data Conclusion

Higher-resolution MRI allows for small morphological aspects of intraocular retinoblastoma and extraocular disease extent not visible on currently used clinical in vivo MRI to be depicted.

Level of Evidence: 4

Technical Efficacy: Stage 2

J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:1487–1497.

Conflict of Interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest.

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Volume47, Issue6

June 2018

Pages 1487-1497

9.4T and 17.6T MRI of Retinoblastoma: Ex Vivo evaluation of microstructural anatomy and disease extent compared with histopathology

Abstract

Background

Purpose

Study Type

Population

Field Strength/Sequence

Assessment

Results

Data Conclusion

Conflict of Interest

References

Citing Literature

References

Information

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9.4T and 17.6T MRI of Retinoblastoma: Ex Vivo evaluation of microstructural anatomy and disease extent compared with histopathology

Abstract

Background

Purpose

Study Type

Population

Field Strength/Sequence

Assessment

Results

Data Conclusion

Conflict of Interest

References

Citing Literature

References

Related

Information