Micro-CT and PET analysis of bone regeneration induced by biodegradable scaffolds as carriers for dental pulp stem cells in a rat model of calvarial “critical size” defect: Preliminary data
Corresponding Author
Susanna Annibali
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Both authors contributed equally to this work.
Correspondence to: S. Annibali ([email protected])Search for more papers by this authorDiana Bellavia
Department of Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Both authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorLivia Ottolenghi
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAndrea Cicconetti
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorMaria Paola Cristalli
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorRoberta Quaranta
Department of Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAndrea Pilloni
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Susanna Annibali
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Both authors contributed equally to this work.
Correspondence to: S. Annibali ([email protected])Search for more papers by this authorDiana Bellavia
Department of Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Both authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorLivia Ottolenghi
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAndrea Cicconetti
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorMaria Paola Cristalli
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorRoberta Quaranta
Department of Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorAndrea Pilloni
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for more papers by this authorConceived and designed the experiments: SA, DB, LO. Performed the experiments: AC, MPC. Analyzed the data: LO, AP. Processed the stem cell culture: DB, RQ. Wrote the article: SA, AP.
Abstract
Bone regeneration strategies in dentistry utilize biodegradable scaffolds seeded with stem cells able to induce bone formation. However, data on regeneration capacity of these tissue engineering constructs are still deficient. In this study micro-Computed tomography (micro-CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) analyses were used to investigate bone regeneration induced by two scaffolds [Granular deproteinized bovine bone (GDPB) and Beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)] used alone or in combination with dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) in a tissue engineered construct implanted in a rat critical calvarial defect. Bone mineral density (BMD) and standard uptake value (SUV) of tracer incorporation were measured after 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks post-implant. The results showed that: (1) GDPB implants were mostly well positioned, as compared to ß-TCP; (2) GDPB induced higher BMD and SUV values within the cranial defect as compared to ß-TCP, either alone or in combination with stem cells; (3) addition of DPSC to the grafts did not significantly induce an increase in BMD and SUV values as compared to the scaffolds grafted alone, although a small tendency to increase was observed. Thus our study demonstrates that GDPB, when used to fill critical calvarial defects, induces a greater percentage of bone formation as compared to ß-TCP. Moreover, this study shows that addition of DPSC to pre-wetted scaffolds has the potential to ameliorate bone regeneration process, although the set of optimal conditions requires further investigation. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 102B: 815–825, 2014.
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