Mechanisms of TiO2 nanoparticle-induced neuronal apoptosis in rat primary cultured hippocampal neurons
Lei Sheng
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorYuguan Ze
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorLing Wang
Library of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021 China
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorXiaohong Yu
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorJie Hong
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorXiaoyang Zhao
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorXiao Ze
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorDong Liu
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorBingqing Xu
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorYunting Zhu
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorYi Long
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorAnan Lin
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorChi Zhang
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorYue Zhao
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Fashui Hong
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Correspondence to: F. Hong; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorLei Sheng
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorYuguan Ze
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorLing Wang
Library of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021 China
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorXiaohong Yu
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorJie Hong
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorXiaoyang Zhao
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorXiao Ze
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorDong Liu
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorBingqing Xu
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorYunting Zhu
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorYi Long
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorAnan Lin
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorChi Zhang
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorYue Zhao
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Fashui Hong
Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123 China
Correspondence to: F. Hong; e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) has been demonstrated to decrease learning and memory of animals. However, whether the impacts of these NPs on the recognition function are involved in hippocamal neuron damages is poorly understood. In this study, primary cultured hippocampal neurons from one-day-old fetal Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 5, 15, or 30 µg/mL TiO2 NPs for 24 h, we investigated cell viability, ultrastructure, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), calcium homeostasis, oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity, apoptotic signaling pathway associated with the primary cultured hippocamal neuron apoptosis. Our findings showed that TiO2 NP treatment resulted in reduction of cell viability, promoted lactate dehydrogenase release, apoptosis, and increased neuron apoptotic rate in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, TiO2 NPs led to [Ca2+]i elevation, and MMP reduction, up-regulated protein expression of cytochrome c, Bax, caspase-3, glucose-regulated protein 78, C/EBP homologous protein and caspase-12, and down-regulated bcl-2 expression in the primary cultured hippocampal neurons. These findings suggested that hippocampal neuron apoptosis caused by TiO2 NPs may be associated with mitochondria-mediated signal pathway and endoplasmic reticulum-mediated signal pathway. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 1141–1149, 2015.
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