Identification and characterization of a novel CXC chemokine in xenograft tumor induced by mas-overexpressing cells
Wen-Zhen Lin
Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pre-clinical Sciences, GuangXi Medical University, Nanning, GuangXi, China
The first two authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorZhou-Fang Li
Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
The first two authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorSup-Yin Tsang
Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
Search for more papers by this authorLydia K.W. Lung
Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
Search for more papers by this authorDa-Kui Wang
Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
Search for more papers by this authorWood-Yee Chan
Department of Anatomy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
Search for more papers by this authorYou-Kai Zhu
Department of Pathology, The People's Hospital of GuangXi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, GuangXi, China
Search for more papers by this authorSusanna S.T. Lee
Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Wing-Tai Cheung
Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
Fax: +852-2603-7246.
Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorWen-Zhen Lin
Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pre-clinical Sciences, GuangXi Medical University, Nanning, GuangXi, China
The first two authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorZhou-Fang Li
Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
The first two authors contributed equally to this work.
Search for more papers by this authorSup-Yin Tsang
Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
Search for more papers by this authorLydia K.W. Lung
Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
Search for more papers by this authorDa-Kui Wang
Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
Search for more papers by this authorWood-Yee Chan
Department of Anatomy, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
Search for more papers by this authorYou-Kai Zhu
Department of Pathology, The People's Hospital of GuangXi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, GuangXi, China
Search for more papers by this authorSusanna S.T. Lee
Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Wing-Tai Cheung
Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
Fax: +852-2603-7246.
Department of Biochemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorAbstract
Overexpressions of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) with elevated downstream signaling events have been reported in various tumors. However, the cellular mechanism that GPCR overexpression leads to tumor formation is largely unknown. The orphan GPCR mas was originally isolated from a human epidermoid carcinoma. In vivo studies of mas-overexpressing cells suggested that xenograft tumor formation was positively correlated with the levels of mas expression. Histochemical analysis indicated that xenograft tumor consisted of mas-transfected and stromal cells. Biochemical analyses revealed that cells overexpressing mas exhibited significantly increased anchorage-independent growth, whereas there was no significant difference in cell proliferation in comparison with empty vector-transfected control cells. Expression profiling using mRNA differential display and Northern analysis indicated an elevated expression of GRO and a novel CXC chemokines, tumor-induced factor (TIF), in mas-transfected cells and xenograft tumor. Bacterially expressed recombinant TIF was found to act as a neutrophil chemoattractant in a chemotactic assay. These results suggest that mas overexpression enables anchorage-independent growth of transformed cells, and interplays of secreted chemokines with stromal cells modulate xenograft tumor formation. Importantly, a novel CXC chemokine, TIF, was identified in the xenograft tumor tissues. © 2009 UICC
Supporting Information
Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article.
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| IJC_24440_sm_SuppFig1.tif967.2 KB | Supporting Information Figure 1. |
| IJC_24440_sm_SuppFig2.tif1.3 MB | Supporting Information Figure 2. |
| IJC_24440_sm_SuppFig3.tif1.6 MB | Supporting Information Figure 3. |
| IJC_24440_sm_SuppFig4.tif6 MB | Supporting Information Figure 4. |
| IJC_24440_sm_SuppFig5.tif1.2 MB | Supporting Information Figure 5. |
| IJC_24440_sm_SuppFig6.tif4 MB | Supporting Information Figure 6. |
| IJC_24440_sm_SuppTable1.doc37 KB | Supporting Information Table 1. |
| IJC_24440_sm_SuppTable2.doc40 KB | Supporting Information Table 2. |
| IJC_24440_sm_SuppTable3.doc33 KB | Supporting Information Table 3. |
| IJC_24440_sm_SuppTable4.doc43 KB | Supporting Information Table 4. |
| IJC_24440_sm_SuppTable5.doc25 KB | Supporting Information Table 5. |
| IJC_24440_sm_SuppMaterials.doc78 KB | Supporting Information Materials. |
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