Exploring therapeutic potential of Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz leaf and bark focusing on antioxidant, antithrombotic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antidiarrheal properties
Md. Mahfuzur Rahman
Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Research Division, BCSIR Chattogram Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Chattogram, Bangladesh
Contribution: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorMahfuza Afroz Soma
Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Contribution: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Project administration, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorNahid Sultana
Department of Botany, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Contribution: Data curation, Formal analysis, Validation, Visualization, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Md. Jamal Hossain
Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Correspondence Md. Jamal Hossain, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh.
Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorMd. Abu Sufian
Marketing Strategy Department, Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh
Contribution: Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorM. Oliur Rahman
Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Contribution: Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Validation, Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorMohammad A. Rashid
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Contribution: Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Validation, Visualization, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorMd. Mahfuzur Rahman
Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Research Division, BCSIR Chattogram Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Chattogram, Bangladesh
Contribution: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorMahfuza Afroz Soma
Department of Pharmacy, University of Asia Pacific, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Contribution: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Project administration, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorNahid Sultana
Department of Botany, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Contribution: Data curation, Formal analysis, Validation, Visualization, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Md. Jamal Hossain
Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Correspondence Md. Jamal Hossain, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Bangladesh, 77 Satmasjid Road, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh.
Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorMd. Abu Sufian
Marketing Strategy Department, Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Dhaka, Bangladesh
Contribution: Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorM. Oliur Rahman
Department of Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Contribution: Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Validation, Visualization
Search for more papers by this authorMohammad A. Rashid
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Contribution: Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Validation, Visualization, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Background and Aims
The study aimed to evaluate the pharmacological properties of methanolic extracts of leaves and barks of Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz (family: Lythraceae) focusing on antioxidant, thrombolytic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, analgesic, and antidiarrheal effects.
Methods
1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay, clot lysis, disc diffusion, and membrane stabilizing methods were employed to assess in vitro antioxidant, thrombolytic, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties of the leaf and bark methanolic extracts (ME) of W. fruticosa and different organic solvents, that is, petroleum ether (PE), dichloromethane (DCM), chloroform (CL), and aqueous (AQ) fractions. In addition, in vivo central and peripheral analgesic and antidiarrheal activities of both crude extracts were evaluated at two doses (200 and 400 mg/kg of body weight [bw]).
Results
All the extracts and fractions showed promising antioxidant properties by scavenging DDPH free radicals with IC50 of 6.11–20.79 μg/mL. AQ fraction (41.24%) of leaves and ME (44.90%) of bark exerted notable in vitro thrombolytic activity. The CL fraction of leaves and AQ fraction of the bark showed 43.16% and 45.37% inhibition of RBC hemolysis, respectively, compared to the inhibition of RBC hemolysis by aspirin in a hypotonic-induced membrane stabilizing assay. Besides, both extracts were observed to provide significant (p < 0.001) central and peripheral analgesic responses at both doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg bw. Furthermore, both doses of bark extract (p < 0.001) and the 400 mg/kg bw of leaf extract (p < 0.05) were observed to possess statistically significant antidiarrheal activity. Additionally, in an in vivo acute toxicity investigation, both extracts had a median lethal dose (LD50) greater than 5000 mg/kg bw, indicating their safety level.
Conclusion
The current study proves the ethnomedicinal uses of W. fruticosa; however, further studies are required for phytochemical screening to isolate the responsible bioactive compounds and discover the lead molecules from the plant species.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
The article includes all the essential data needed to substantiate the findings. Additional raw data can be obtained by contacting the corresponding author with a reasonable request.
Supporting Information
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Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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