Selective Encapsulation and Enhancement of the Emission Properties of a Luminescent Cu(I) Complex in Mesoporous Silica
Loïc Donato
Institut de Science et Ingenierie Supramoleculaires (ISIS - UMR 7006), CNRS, Universite de Strasbourg, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
These authors have contributed equally to the article.Search for more papers by this authorYoussef Atoini
Institut de Science et Ingenierie Supramoleculaires (ISIS - UMR 7006), CNRS, Universite de Strasbourg, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
These authors have contributed equally to the article.Search for more papers by this authorEko Adi Prasetyanto
Institut de Science et Ingenierie Supramoleculaires (ISIS - UMR 7006), CNRS, Universite de Strasbourg, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, 14440 Indonesia
Search for more papers by this authorPengkun Chen
Institut de Science et Ingenierie Supramoleculaires (ISIS - UMR 7006), CNRS, Universite de Strasbourg, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
Search for more papers by this authorCéline Rosticher
Hybrid Nanomaterials Unit, Institute for Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - Campus, North, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Deutschland
Search for more papers by this authorClaudia Bizzarri
Institut de Science et Ingenierie Supramoleculaires (ISIS - UMR 7006), CNRS, Universite de Strasbourg, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
Search for more papers by this authorKari Rissanen
Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorLuisa De Cola
Institut de Science et Ingenierie Supramoleculaires (ISIS - UMR 7006), CNRS, Universite de Strasbourg, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
Hybrid Nanomaterials Unit, Institute for Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - Campus, North, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Deutschland
Search for more papers by this authorLoïc Donato
Institut de Science et Ingenierie Supramoleculaires (ISIS - UMR 7006), CNRS, Universite de Strasbourg, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
These authors have contributed equally to the article.Search for more papers by this authorYoussef Atoini
Institut de Science et Ingenierie Supramoleculaires (ISIS - UMR 7006), CNRS, Universite de Strasbourg, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
These authors have contributed equally to the article.Search for more papers by this authorEko Adi Prasetyanto
Institut de Science et Ingenierie Supramoleculaires (ISIS - UMR 7006), CNRS, Universite de Strasbourg, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, Jakarta, 14440 Indonesia
Search for more papers by this authorPengkun Chen
Institut de Science et Ingenierie Supramoleculaires (ISIS - UMR 7006), CNRS, Universite de Strasbourg, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
Search for more papers by this authorCéline Rosticher
Hybrid Nanomaterials Unit, Institute for Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - Campus, North, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Deutschland
Search for more papers by this authorClaudia Bizzarri
Institut de Science et Ingenierie Supramoleculaires (ISIS - UMR 7006), CNRS, Universite de Strasbourg, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
Search for more papers by this authorKari Rissanen
Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
Search for more papers by this authorLuisa De Cola
Institut de Science et Ingenierie Supramoleculaires (ISIS - UMR 7006), CNRS, Universite de Strasbourg, 8 Rue Gaspard Monge, 67000 Strasbourg, France
Hybrid Nanomaterials Unit, Institute for Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - Campus, North, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Deutschland
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
We describe a synthetic approach to prepare new luminescent silica-based materials through the encapsulation of a neutral copper(I) complex inside the pores of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN). The copper(I) complex is present, in the solid state, as two polymorphs, blue and yellow emissive, and in solution it shows a pale yellow color that is also mirrored by an emission in the yellow-orange region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The X-ray structures of single crystals have been obtained for both polymorphs. The complex encapsulation in MSN is achieved by its entrapment inside micelles followed by condensation of the silica source. Interestingly, the entrapment leads to the isolation of only one species. Indeed, the compound inside the MSN exhibits remarkable photophysical properties, showing an intense blue emission in solution and in the solid state. Powder X-ray diffraction of the hybrid materials proves that the complex entrapped in MSN is indeed the blue polymorph. The confinement provides not only a method to isolate only one form of the complex, but also a certain rigidity, more stability of the system by protection of the complex from undesirable oxidation, leading to a highly emissive material possessing a photoluminescence quantum yield of 65%.
Supporting Information
Supporting information for this article is available on the WWW under https://doi.org/10.1002/hlca.201700273.
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| hlca201700273-sup-0001-SupInfo.pdfPDF document, 330 KB |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
References
- 1D. Brühwiler, G. Calzaferri, T. Torres, J. H. Ramm, N. Gartmann, L.-Q. Dieu, I. López-Duarte, M. V. Martínez-Díaz, ‘Nanochannels for Supramolecular Organization of Luminescent Guests’, J. Mater. Chem. 2009, 19, 8040 – 8067.
- 2S. Parola, B. Julián-López, L. D. Carlos, C. Sanchez, ‘Optical Properties of Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Materials and their Applications’, Adv. Funct. Mater. 2016, 26, 6506 – 6544.
- 3C. Xu, D. Mochizuki, Y. Hashimoto, T. Honda, Y. Tsukahara, T. Yamauchi, Y. Wada, ‘Luminescence of ortho-Metalated Iridium Complexes Encapsulated in Zeolite Supercages by the Ship-in-a-Bottle Method’, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2012, 3113 – 3120.
- 4A. Corma, H. Garcia, ‘Supramolecular Host-Guest Systems in Zeolites Prepared by Ship-in-a-Bottle Synthesis’, Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2004, 1143 – 1164.
- 5M. de Barros e Silva Botelho, J. M. Fernandez-Hernandez, T. B. de Queiroz, H. Eckert, L. De Cola, A. S. S. de Camargo, ‘Iridium(III)-Surfactant Complex Immobilized in Mesoporous Silica via Templated Synthesis: A New Route to Optical Materials’, J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21, 8829 – 8834.
- 6H. B. Jervis, D. W. Bruce, M. E. Raimondi, J. M. Seddon, T. Maschmeyer, R. Raja, ‘Templating Mesoporous Silicates on Surfactant Ruthenium Complexes: A Direct Approach to Heterogeneous Catalysts’, Chem. Commun. 1999, 2031 – 2032.
- 7E. Coutino-Gonzalez, D. Grandjean, M. Roeffaers, K. Kvashnina, E. Fron, B. Dieu, G. De Cremer, P. Lievens, B. Sels, J. Hofkens, ‘X-Ray Irradiation-Induced Formation of Luminescent Silver Clusters in Nanoporous Matrices’, Chem. Commun. 2014, 50, 1350 – 1352.
- 8G. De Cremer, E. Coutiño-Gonzalez, M. B. J. Roeffaers, B. Moens, J. Ollevier, M. Van der Auweraer, R. Schoonheydt, P. A. Jacobs, F. C. De Schryver, J. Hofkens, D. E. De Vos, B. F. Sels, T. Vosch, ‘Characterization of Fluorescence in Heat-Treated Silver-Exchanged Zeolites’, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 3049 – 3056.
- 9M. Álvaro, J. F. Cabeza, D. Fabuel, A. Corma, H. García, ‘Electrochemiluminescent Cells Based on Zeolite-Encapsulated Host-Guest Systems: Encapsulated Ruthenium Tris-bipyridyl’, Chem. Eur. J. 2007, 13, 3733 – 3738.
- 10K. Binnemans, ‘Lanthanide-Based Luminescent Hybrid Materials’, Chem. Rev. 2009, 109, 4283 – 4374.
- 11C. Ezquerro, A. E. Sepúlveda, A. Grau-Atienza, E. Serrano, E. Lalinde, J. R. Berenguer, J. García-Martínez, ‘Organometallic Phosphors as Building Blocks in Sol–Gel Chemistry: Luminescent Organometallo-Silica Materials’, J. Mater. Chem., C 2017, 5, 9721 – 9732.
- 12M. M. Lezhnina, U. H. Kynast, ‘Optical Properties of Matrix Confined Species’, Opt. Mater. 2010, 33, 4 – 13.
- 13M. M. Lezhnina, H. Kätker, U. H. Kynast, ‘Rare-Earth Ions in Porous Matrices’, Phys. Solid State 2005, 47, 1479 – 1484.
- 14S. Bonacchi, D. Genovese, R. Juris, M. Montalti, L. Prodi, E. Rampazzo, N. Zaccheroni, ‘Luminescent Silica Nanoparticles: Extending the Frontiers of Brightness’, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2011, 50, 4056 – 4066.
- 15M. Rico, A. E. Sepúlveda, S. Ruiz, E. Serrano, J. R. Berenguer, E. Lalinde, J. Garcia-Martinez, ‘A Stable Luminescent Hybrid Mesoporous Copper Complex–Silica’, Chem. Commun. 2012, 48, 8883 – 8885.
- 16V. Kalsani, M. Schmittel, A. Listorti, G. Accorsi, N. Armaroli, ‘Novel Phenanthroline Ligands and Their Kinetically Locked Copper(I) Complexes with Unexpected Photophysical Properties’, Inorg. Chem. 2006, 45, 2061 – 2067.
- 17D. G. Cuttell, S.-M. Kuang, P. E. Fanwick, D. R. McMillin, R. A. Walton, ‘Simple Cu(I) Complexes with Unprecedented Excited-State Lifetimes’, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 6 – 7.
- 18R. Czerwieniec, J. Yu, H. Yersin, ‘Blue-Light Emission of Cu(I) Complexes and Singlet Harvesting’, Inorg. Chem. 2011, 50, 8293 – 8301.
- 19N. Armaroli, G. Accorsi, F. Cardinali, A. Listorti, ‘ Photochemistry and Photophysics of Coordination Compounds: Copper’, in ‘ Photochemistry and Photophysics of Coordination Compounds I’, Vol. 280, Eds. V. Balzani, S. Campagna, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2007, pp. 69 – 115.
- 20C. Bizzarri, C. Fléchon, O. Fenwick, F. Cacialli, F. Polo, M. D. Gálvez-López, C.-H. Yang, S. Scintilla, Y. Sun, R. Fröhlich, L. De Cola, ‘Luminescent Neutral Cu(I) Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization and Application in Solution-Processed OLED’, ECS J. Solid State Sci. Technol. 2016, 5, R83 – R90.
- 21W. Chai, M. Hong, L. Song, G. Jia, H. Shi, J. Guo, K. Shu, B. Guo, Y. Zhang, W. You, X. Chen, ‘Three Reversible Polymorphic Copper(I) Complexes Triggered by Ligand Conformation: Insights into Polymorphic Crystal Habit and Luminescent Properties’, Inorg. Chem. 2015, 54, 4200 – 4207.
- 22T. Suzuki, H. Yamaguchi, A. Hashimoto, K. Nozaki, M. Doi, N. Inazumi, N. Ikeda, S. Kawata, M. Kojima, H. D. Takagi, ‘Orange and Yellow Crystals of Copper(I) Complexes Bearing 8-(Diphenylphosphino)quinoline: A Pair of Distortion Isomers of an Intrinsic Tetrahedral Complex’, Inorg. Chem. 2011, 50, 3981 – 3987.
10.1021/ic1024636 Google Scholar
- 23A. Lavie-Cambot, M. Cantuel, Y. Leydet, G. Jonusauskas, D. M. Bassani, N. D. McClenaghan, ‘Improving the Photophysical Properties of Copper(I) Bis(phenanthroline) Complexes’, Coord. Chem. Rev. 2008, 252, 2572 – 2584.
- 24K. Zhang, L.-L. Xu, J.-G. Jiang, N. Calin, K.-F. Lam, S.-J. Zhang, H.-H. Wu, G.-D. Wu, B. Albela, L. Bonneviot, P. Wu, ‘Facile Large-Scale Synthesis of Monodisperse Mesoporous Silica Nanospheres with Tunable Pore Structure’, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 2427 – 2430.
- 25M. Luechinger, G. D. Pirngruber, B. Lindlar, P. Laggner, R. Prins, ‘The Effect of the Hydrophobicity of Aromatic Swelling Agents on Pore Size and Shape of Mesoporous Silicas’, Micropor. Mesopor. Mater. 2005, 79, 41 – 52.
