REVIEW
A meta-analysis of the relationships between body checking, body image avoidance, body image dissatisfaction, mood, and disordered eating
D. Catherine Walker PhD,
Emily K. White PhD,
Vamshek J. Srinivasan BS,
Corresponding Author
D. Catherine Walker PhD
Department of Psychology, Union College, Schenectady, New York
Correspondence D. Catherine Walker, Department of Psychology, Union College, 807 Union Street, Schenectady, NY 12308. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorEmily K. White PhD
Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
Search for more papers by this authorVamshek J. Srinivasan BS
Department of Psychology, Union College, Schenectady, New York
Search for more papers by this authorD. Catherine Walker PhD,
Emily K. White PhD,
Vamshek J. Srinivasan BS,
Corresponding Author
D. Catherine Walker PhD
Department of Psychology, Union College, Schenectady, New York
Correspondence D. Catherine Walker, Department of Psychology, Union College, 807 Union Street, Schenectady, NY 12308. Email: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorEmily K. White PhD
Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
Search for more papers by this authorVamshek J. Srinivasan BS
Department of Psychology, Union College, Schenectady, New York
Search for more papers by this authorFunding information: Union College
Abstract
enObjective
Body checking (BC) and body image avoidance (BIA) have been proposed as etiological and maintaining mechanisms for eating disorder (ED) pathology. To date, no comprehensive review summarizes the relationships of BC and BIA with ED pathology, body image dissatisfaction, or mood/affect.
Method
Meta-analyses examined the relationships of BC and BIA with ED pathology, body image dissatisfaction, and mood/affect. Gender, publication status, and presence or absence of ED diagnoses were examined as potential moderators.
Results
Results showed strong relationships between BC and ED pathology (ρ = 0.588) and BC and body image dissatisfaction (ρ = 0.631) and a moderate relationship between BC and mood/affect (ρ = 0.385). Similarly, results showed strong relationships between BIA and ED pathology (ρ = 0.553) and BIA and body image dissatisfaction (ρ = 0.543) and a moderate relationship between BIA and mood/affect (ρ = 0.392). Overall, limited evidence supported publication bias; however, publication bias may exist in the relationship between BIA and body image dissatisfaction in the literature. Subgroup moderator analyses suggested that gender moderates the strength of the relationships between BC and ED pathology, body image dissatisfaction, and mood/affect and between BIA and body image dissatisfaction.
Discussion
Results are consistent with cognitive-behavioral models of ED pathology that suggest BC and BIA are behavioral expressions of overvaluation of weight and shape. Notably, more published research has investigated BC than BIA. Future studies, incorporating methods such as meta-analytic structural equation modeling, should examine these variables to further test cognitive-behavioral models of ED development and maintenance.
Resumen
esObjetivo
La verificación corporal (BC) y la evitación de la imagen (BIA) se han propuesto como mecanismos etiológicos y de mantenimiento para la patología en los trastornos de la alimentación (TCA). A la fecha, no hay una revisión completa que correlacione la BC y la BIA con la patología alimentaria (TCA), la insatisfacción corporal o el ánimo/afecto.
Método
Se realizó un meta-análisis de la relación entre BC y BIA con TCA, insatisfacción corporal y ánimo/afecto. Se examinaron el género, estatus de la publicación y la presencia o ausencia de diagnóstico de TCA como moderadores potenciales.
Resultados
Los resultados mostraron una fuerte relación entre BC y patología TCA (p = .588) y BC e insatisfacción de la imagen corporal (p = .631) y una relación moderada entre BC y ánimo/afecto (p = .385). De manera similar, los resultados mostraron una fuerte relación entre BIA y patología ED (p = .553) y BIA e insatisfacción de la imagen corporal (p = .543) y una relación moderada entre BIA y ánimo/afecto (p = .392). En general, la evidencia limitada mostraba sesgos de publicación; sin embargo, los sesgos de publicación pueden existir en la relación entre BIA e insatisfacción con la imagen corporal en la literatura. Los análisis del subgupo de moderadores sugiere que el género fortalece la relación entre BC y patología TCA, insatisfacción con la imagen corporal y ánimo/afecto, y entre BIA e insatisfacción con la imagen corporal.
Discusión
Los resultados son consistentes con los modelos cognitivos-conductuales para la patología TCA que sugiere que la BC y BIA son expresiones corporales de la sobre-evaluación del peso y figura. De forma notoria, existe más investigación publicada sobre BC que BIA. Estudios posteriores, que incorporen métodos como un meta-análisis de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales, deben examinar estas variables para probar más modelos cognitivos-conductuales del desarrollo del TCA y su mantenimiento.
Supporting Information
Additional Supporting Information may be found online in the supporting information tab for this article.
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References marked with an asterisk indicate studies included in the meta-analysis.
