Volume 15, Issue 12 pp. 2216-2222
COMMENTARY

Addressing current barriers to autism diagnoses through a tiered diagnostic approach involving pediatric primary care providers

Andrea Trubanova Wieckowski

Corresponding Author

Andrea Trubanova Wieckowski

A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

Correspondence

Andrea Trubanova Wieckowski, A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Email: [email protected]

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Katharine E. Zuckerman

Katharine E. Zuckerman

Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA

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Sarabeth Broder-Fingert

Sarabeth Broder-Fingert

Department of Pediatrics and Eunice Kennedy Shriver Center, UMASS Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA

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Diana L. Robins

Diana L. Robins

A.J. Drexel Autism Institute, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

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First published: 17 October 2022
Citations: 8

Abstract

Formal autism diagnosis from a specialist trained in autism assessment is customary prior to a child accessing early, intensive autism-specific services. However, long wait lists for diagnostic evaluations and limited specialty workforce have created substantial delays. Additionally, lengthy multidisciplinary evaluations are costly to insurers, inconvenient to families, and disproportionally impact under-resourced families. Diagnostic delays can impede access to intervention services. These barriers, combined with evidence regarding the importance of receiving early, autism-specific treatment, demand new approaches enabling access to autism specific services before comprehensive evaluation. Pediatric primary care providers (PCPs) are often the only health care professionals with whom a family interacts during early childhood and can play a crucial role in helping children with autism symptoms access services. Many strategies for autism diagnosis in primary care are being developed and tested; however, they have yet to be broadly adopted by PCPs, primarily due to critical implementation barriers in primary care settings. There is also not enough evidence on the accuracy of PCPs' diagnostic impressions without extensive specialty support, resulting in PCP hesitancy in diagnosing ASD, as well as family and service provider hesitancy in accepting a PCP autism diagnosis. In this commentary, we explore the acute need for shortening waitlists for autism evaluations through a tiered diagnostic approach, in which PCPs can rule in or rule out autism in children, for whom diagnosis is clear, and refer more complex cases for specialist evaluations, and explore implementation challenges to this approach.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

Dr Robins is a co-owner of M-CHAT LLC, which licenses use of the M-CHAT in electronic products. No royalties were received for any of the data presented in the current study. Dr Robins sits on the advisory board of Quadrant Biosciences Inc. Dr Broder-Fingert sits on the Scientific Advisory Board of EarliTec Diagnostics Inc. The other authors have indicated they have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.

DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

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