Active Bio-Nanocomposite Films Based on PVA Filled With CNC and Bio-Active Extract From Onion Skin Waste
Mohamed Hamid Salim
Materials Science, Energy, and Nano-Engineering (MSN) Department, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco
Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE
Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Formal analysis (lead), Methodology (lead), Writing - original draft (lead), Writing - review & editing (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorYouness Abdellaoui
Cinvestav Saltillo, Sustentabilidad de los Recursos Naturales y Energía, Laboratorio de Revaloración de Residuos, Ramos Arizpe, Mexico
CONAHCyT-Cinvestav Saltillo. Sustentabilidad de los Recursos Naturales y Energía. Av. Industria Metalúrgica 1062, Parque Industrial Ramos Arizpe, Ramos Arizpe, Mexico
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Validation (equal), Writing - original draft (equal), Writing - review & editing (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Mehdi Mennani
Materials Science, Energy, and Nano-Engineering (MSN) Department, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco
Correspondence:
Mehdi Mennani ([email protected])
Zineb Kassab ([email protected])
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Validation (equal), Visualization (equal), Writing - original draft (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorAbdoulaye Soumare
Laboratory of Agroforestry and Ecology, Assane Seck University (UASZ-UFR ST), Ziguinchor, Senegal
Contribution: Formal analysis (equal), Visualization (equal), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorLourdes Díaz-Jimenéz
Cinvestav Saltillo, Sustentabilidad de los Recursos Naturales y Energía, Laboratorio de Revaloración de Residuos, Ramos Arizpe, Mexico
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Validation (equal), Visualization (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorMounir El Achaby
Materials Science, Energy, and Nano-Engineering (MSN) Department, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Resources (equal), Supervision (equal), Visualization (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Zineb Kassab
Materials Science, Energy, and Nano-Engineering (MSN) Department, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco
Correspondence:
Mehdi Mennani ([email protected])
Zineb Kassab ([email protected])
Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Methodology (lead), Project administration (lead), Supervision (lead), Validation (lead), Writing - review & editing (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorMohamed Hamid Salim
Materials Science, Energy, and Nano-Engineering (MSN) Department, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco
Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE
Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Formal analysis (lead), Methodology (lead), Writing - original draft (lead), Writing - review & editing (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorYouness Abdellaoui
Cinvestav Saltillo, Sustentabilidad de los Recursos Naturales y Energía, Laboratorio de Revaloración de Residuos, Ramos Arizpe, Mexico
CONAHCyT-Cinvestav Saltillo. Sustentabilidad de los Recursos Naturales y Energía. Av. Industria Metalúrgica 1062, Parque Industrial Ramos Arizpe, Ramos Arizpe, Mexico
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Validation (equal), Writing - original draft (equal), Writing - review & editing (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Mehdi Mennani
Materials Science, Energy, and Nano-Engineering (MSN) Department, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco
Correspondence:
Mehdi Mennani ([email protected])
Zineb Kassab ([email protected])
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Validation (equal), Visualization (equal), Writing - original draft (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorAbdoulaye Soumare
Laboratory of Agroforestry and Ecology, Assane Seck University (UASZ-UFR ST), Ziguinchor, Senegal
Contribution: Formal analysis (equal), Visualization (equal), Writing - review & editing (supporting)
Search for more papers by this authorLourdes Díaz-Jimenéz
Cinvestav Saltillo, Sustentabilidad de los Recursos Naturales y Energía, Laboratorio de Revaloración de Residuos, Ramos Arizpe, Mexico
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Validation (equal), Visualization (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorMounir El Achaby
Materials Science, Energy, and Nano-Engineering (MSN) Department, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Resources (equal), Supervision (equal), Visualization (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Zineb Kassab
Materials Science, Energy, and Nano-Engineering (MSN) Department, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco
Correspondence:
Mehdi Mennani ([email protected])
Zineb Kassab ([email protected])
Contribution: Conceptualization (lead), Methodology (lead), Project administration (lead), Supervision (lead), Validation (lead), Writing - review & editing (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorFunding: This study was supported by Office Chérifien des Phosphates.
ABSTRACT
Amidst growing interest in sustainable packaging, this study delves into the preparation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based biofilms filled with cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) sourced from red onion skin waste, coupled with bio-active red onion extract (OPE). These innovative bionanocomposite films hold promise for active food packaging applications. The investigation focuses on understanding the interplay between the added agents (OPE and CNC) and the macromolecular chains of PVA. Furthermore, the effects of various OPE concentrations on the physicochemical characteristics and antibacterial properties of CNC-filled PVA bio-nanocomposites were also examined. The integration of CNC and OPE noticeably enhanced the film's properties. Mechanical strength increased by 37%, thermal stability improved with a 92°C increase in decomposition temperature, and UV barrier properties were enhanced by 45%. Additionally, antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens improved, with the highest inhibition rates reaching 89% against Staphylococcus fungi and 79% against Staphylococcus aureus . The findings demonstrated that the incorporation of bio-active OPE significantly enhanced the UV barrier, antibacterial properties, and biodegradability of PVA-CNC bio-nanocomposite films. These films present a promising approach for sustainable and active food packaging solutions, capable of extending shelf life while reducing environmental impact. Further research in real food systems is recommended to validate these results.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Open Research
Data Availability Statement
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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