Volume 128, Issue 4 pp. 2424-2432
Article

Synergistic effects of expandable graphite and ammonium polyphosphate with a new carbon source derived from biomass in flame retardant ABS

Yan Zhang

Yan Zhang

Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China

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Xiaoling Chen

Xiaoling Chen

Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China

MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China

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Zhengping Fang

Corresponding Author

Zhengping Fang

Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China

MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China

Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Engineering, Ningbo Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315100, China===Search for more papers by this author
First published: 09 August 2012
Citations: 64

Abstract

A novel flame retardant system, ammonium polyphosphate (APP), and expandable graphite (EG) with a new carbon source, poly(diphenolic phenyl phosphate) (poly(DPA-PDCP)), derived from biomass has been proven to be effective in preventing melting drip and improving flame retardancy of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene copolymer (ABS) in this study, which was manifested by limiting oxygen index (LOI) and vertical flammability (UL-94) tests. The optimal synergy was exhibited at a loading of 30 wt % of three flame retardants in a proper ratio (APP/poly(DPA-PDCP)/EG = 12/3/15). Thermogravimetric analysis result indicated the char residue and the thermal stability could be enhanced because of the synergistic effect of APP/poly(DPA-PDCP)/EG, which is elaborated by a hypothesis of flame retardancy mechanism of the three components. The morphologies of cross-section and char residue by SEM were also described. The dynamic mechanical analysis implied that APP/poly(DPA-PDCP)/EG together can enhance the dynamic mechanical property of ABS. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013

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