Dynamic response and discrimination of gaseous sarin using a boron-difluoride complex film-based fluorescence sensor
Zhijie Zhou
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Search for more papers by this authorLei Zhang
School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Search for more papers by this authorLingya Peng
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Search for more papers by this authorYingjie Li
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Xiaolin Zhu
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Correspondence
Xiaolin Zhu and Haonan Peng, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
Gang He, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Molin Qin, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorYidi Wu
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Search for more papers by this authorZebiao Qiu
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Gang He
Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Correspondence
Xiaolin Zhu and Haonan Peng, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
Gang He, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Molin Qin, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Molin Qin
State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, P. R. China
Correspondence
Xiaolin Zhu and Haonan Peng, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
Gang He, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Molin Qin, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Haonan Peng
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Correspondence
Xiaolin Zhu and Haonan Peng, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
Gang He, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Molin Qin, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorYu Fang
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Search for more papers by this authorZhijie Zhou
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Search for more papers by this authorLei Zhang
School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Search for more papers by this authorLingya Peng
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Search for more papers by this authorYingjie Li
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Xiaolin Zhu
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Correspondence
Xiaolin Zhu and Haonan Peng, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
Gang He, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Molin Qin, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorYidi Wu
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Search for more papers by this authorZebiao Qiu
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Gang He
Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Correspondence
Xiaolin Zhu and Haonan Peng, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
Gang He, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Molin Qin, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Molin Qin
State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, P. R. China
Correspondence
Xiaolin Zhu and Haonan Peng, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
Gang He, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Molin Qin, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Haonan Peng
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Correspondence
Xiaolin Zhu and Haonan Peng, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected] and [email protected]
Gang He, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Molin Qin, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 100191, P. R. China.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorYu Fang
Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
Search for more papers by this authorZhijie Zhou and Lei Zhang contributed equally to this study.
Abstract
This study presents a novel boron-difluoride complex-based fluorescent nanofilm sensor capable of detecting sarin vapors in the environment by reporting an output fluorescence signal. The sensor's evaluation demonstrated an exceptionally low detection limit for sarin vapor, even in the presence of various interfering gases, with theoretical and practical limits of detection of 0.7 and 1 ppb, respectively. The sensor featured a rapid response time (less than 2 s), a broad linear detection range (1 ppb–1000 ppm), and superior selectivity for sarin vapor over a group of interfering analytes, outperforming existing sarin sensors. Mechanistic study indicates that the sensor's heightened sensitivity to sarin vapor is due to the robust affinity of nitrogen atoms within the core BODIQ unit for sarin. Additionally, the tetraphenylethylene structure with steric hindrance effectively inhibits the tight packing of BODIQ derivatives, and forms numerous microporous structures in the self-assembled nanofilm, which are beneficial for the mass transfer, enhancing the sensor efficiency in detecting vapors. Furthermore, we have achieved the differentiation of sarin, diethyl chlorophosphate, and HCl vapor through the analysis of sensing kinetic. This fluorescent sensor opens new avenues for sustainable, low-cost, and environment-friendly portable devices, as well as for environmental monitoring and tracking applications.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Supporting Information
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Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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