Chapter 104
Transfusion Reactions
Nicole M. Weinstein,
Nicole M. Weinstein
Search for more papers by this authorNicole M. Weinstein,
Nicole M. Weinstein
Search for more papers by this authorBook Editor(s):Marjory B. Brooks DVM, DACVIM,
Kendal E. Harr DVM, MS, DACVP,
Davis M. Seelig DVM, PhD, DACVP,
K. Jane Wardrop DVM, MS, DACVP,
Douglas J. Weiss DVM, PhD, DACVP,
Marjory B. Brooks DVM, DACVIM
Director, Comparative Coagulation Section
Animal Health Diagnostic Center, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
Search for more papers by this authorKendal E. Harr DVM, MS, DACVP
URIKA, LLC, Mukilteo, Washington, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDavis M. Seelig DVM, PhD, DACVP
Associate Professor, Clinical Pathology
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota, College of Veterinary Medicine, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorK. Jane Wardrop DVM, MS, DACVP
Professor and Director, Clinical Pathology Laboratory
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDouglas J. Weiss DVM, PhD, DACVP
Emeritus Professor
College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSummary
Transfusion reactions are most often characterized by their immunologic and nonimmunologic mechanisms. This chapter deals primarily with reactions in dogs and cats. Hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTRs) jeopardize the health of an already compromised patient. An immune-mediated HTR is the result of naturally occurring or induced antibodies present in the recipient plasma, which can destroy donor red blood cells immediately upon transfusion or within hours to weeks following transfusion. Febrile and allergic reactions are two of the most common types of transfusion reactions reported in veterinary medicine, comprising 60–90% of reported reactions. Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions are frequently attributed to recipient alloantibodies which react with histocompatibility leukocyte antigens or other antigens present on donor lymphocytes, granulocytes, or platelets.
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