Chapter 34
The Bilingual Advantage Debate
Quantity and Quality of the Evidence
Kenneth Paap,
Kenneth Paap
Search for more papers by this authorKenneth Paap,
Kenneth Paap
Search for more papers by this authorBook Editor(s):John W. Schwieter,
Michel Paradis,
John W. Schwieter
Search for more papers by this authorMichel Paradis
Search for more papers by this authorSummary
The bilingual advantage hypothesis is difficult to test for many reasons and one is the complexity of the executive functioning (EF) construct. The newest wave of meta-anlayses on the bilingual advantage has minimized the apples and oranges problem by separately analysing results targeting inhibition, updating of working memory, and switching. This chapter presents in detail the results of a meta-analysis summarized at a meeting of the Psychonomic Society. A complementary part of the narrative that young adults do not show bilingual advantages is that advantages are consistently observed with children and older adults. The key starting point for predictions of bilingual advantages in EF is the plenitude of evidence consistent with the hypothesis that both languages are co-activated even when the language context supports only one of them and that some general-purpose aspect of EF is recruited to facilitate the selection of the target language and avoid intrusions from the non-target language.
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Paap , K.R.
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Sawi , O.M.
,
Dalibar , C.
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2014
).
Brain mechanisms underlying the cognitive benefits of bilingualism may be extraordinarily difficult to discover
.
AIMS Neuroscience
1
(
3
):
245
–
256
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# A study included in the meta-analysis of non-verbal interference task described in Section 2.1.
*A study cited in the text and also included in the meta-analysis.
