Chapter 65
Peritoneal Dialysis in Children
Nathan T. Beins,
Bradley A Warady,
Nathan T. Beins
Division of Pediatric Nephrology University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
Search for more papers by this authorBradley A Warady
Division of Pediatric Nephrology University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
Search for more papers by this authorNathan T. Beins,
Bradley A Warady,
Nathan T. Beins
Division of Pediatric Nephrology University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
Search for more papers by this authorBradley A Warady
Division of Pediatric Nephrology University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
Search for more papers by this authorBook Editor(s):Jonathan C. Craig MBChB, DipCH, MMed(Clin Epi), PhD, FAHMS,
Donald A. Molony MD,
Giovanni F.M. Strippoli MD, PhD, MPH, MM (Epi),
Jonathan C. Craig MBChB, DipCH, MMed(Clin Epi), PhD, FAHMS
Matthew Flinders Distinguished Professor Vice President and Executive Dean
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorDonald A. Molony MD
Professor of Medicine Distinguished Teaching Professor of the University of Texas System
Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension AND Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-based Medicine, McGovern Medical School University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
Search for more papers by this authorGiovanni F.M. Strippoli MD, PhD, MPH, MM (Epi)
Professor of Nephrology Adjunct Professor of Epidemiology
Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation – University of Bari, Bari, Italy
School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorFirst published: 18 November 2022
Summary
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is the most popular chronic dialysis modality in children worldwide. Acute kidney injury is a common complication among hospitalized children and in severe cases renal replacement therapy may be instituted. Automated peritoneal dialysis is the predominant PD modality prescribed for children in nonresource limited countries due in part to the social advantages of nocturnal therapy over daytime PD that are characteristic of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Peritonitis and catheter-related infections are the primary cause of catheter removal, morbidity, and treatment failure in children who receive chronic PD. Few trials exist examining treatment of peritonitis in the pediatric population. Risk factors and their association with mortality in children on PD are commonly reported, but all studies suffer from the lack of inclusion of children not pursuing renal replacement therapy, transitioning between dialysis modalities, and a short duration of dialysis therapy prior to renal transplantation.
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