Chapter 4
Screening for Chronic Kidney Disease
Mohamed A. Osman,
Kwaifa S. Ibrahim,
Nikhil Shah,
Soroush Shojai,
Ikechi G. Okpechi,
Aminu K. Bello,
Mohamed A. Osman
Division of Nephrology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorKwaifa S. Ibrahim
Department of Medicine, Wuse District General Hospital, Nigeria
Search for more papers by this authorNikhil Shah
Division of Nephrology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorSoroush Shojai
Division of Nephrology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorIkechi G. Okpechi
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
Kidney and Hypertension Research Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Search for more papers by this authorAminu K. Bello
Division of Nephrology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorMohamed A. Osman,
Kwaifa S. Ibrahim,
Nikhil Shah,
Soroush Shojai,
Ikechi G. Okpechi,
Aminu K. Bello,
Mohamed A. Osman
Division of Nephrology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorKwaifa S. Ibrahim
Department of Medicine, Wuse District General Hospital, Nigeria
Search for more papers by this authorNikhil Shah
Division of Nephrology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorSoroush Shojai
Division of Nephrology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorIkechi G. Okpechi
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
Kidney and Hypertension Research Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Search for more papers by this authorAminu K. Bello
Division of Nephrology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorBook Editor(s):Jonathan C. Craig MBChB, DipCH, MMed(Clin Epi), PhD, FAHMS,
Donald A. Molony MD,
Giovanni F.M. Strippoli MD, PhD, MPH, MM (Epi),
Jonathan C. Craig MBChB, DipCH, MMed(Clin Epi), PhD, FAHMS
Matthew Flinders Distinguished Professor Vice President and Executive Dean
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorDonald A. Molony MD
Professor of Medicine Distinguished Teaching Professor of the University of Texas System
Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension AND Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-based Medicine, McGovern Medical School University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
Search for more papers by this authorGiovanni F.M. Strippoli MD, PhD, MPH, MM (Epi)
Professor of Nephrology Adjunct Professor of Epidemiology
Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation – University of Bari, Bari, Italy
School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorFirst published: 18 November 2022
Summary
Screening is performed to differentiate healthy people from those in the early stages of disease who are not experiencing symptoms or exhibiting signs of disease who are not experiencing symptoms or exhibiting signs of illness. This chapter discusses the utility of a screening program for chronic kidney disease (CKD) with regard to associated outcomes and costs. CKD treatment plans often are unclear and access to healthcare resources may be limited. CKD diagnosis requires detecting persistent structural or functional abnormalities of the kidney through laboratory measurements. It recommends against screening for CKD in asymptomatic adults without risk factors for CKD. Overall, the effectiveness of CKD screening and treatment could be better measured in a cluster randomized trial that can better capture multiple concurrent effects and their influences on patient outcomes.
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