Chapter 35
Chronic Kidney Disease and Hypertension
Branko Braam,
Branko Braam
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorBranko Braam,
Branko Braam
Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Canada
Search for more papers by this authorBook Editor(s):Jonathan C. Craig MBChB, DipCH, MMed(Clin Epi), PhD, FAHMS,
Donald A. Molony MD,
Giovanni F.M. Strippoli MD, PhD, MPH, MM (Epi),
Jonathan C. Craig MBChB, DipCH, MMed(Clin Epi), PhD, FAHMS
Matthew Flinders Distinguished Professor Vice President and Executive Dean
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorDonald A. Molony MD
Professor of Medicine Distinguished Teaching Professor of the University of Texas System
Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension AND Center for Clinical Research and Evidence-based Medicine, McGovern Medical School University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
Search for more papers by this authorGiovanni F.M. Strippoli MD, PhD, MPH, MM (Epi)
Professor of Nephrology Adjunct Professor of Epidemiology
Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation – University of Bari, Bari, Italy
School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Search for more papers by this authorFirst published: 18 November 2022
Summary
Hypertension is not only highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), it is also one of the most prevalent causes of progressive kidney injury and end-stage kidney disease. In the context of clinical evaluation of the patient with CKD, four different assessments of blood pressure (BP) are being used: in-office manual, multiple in-office automated, home, and ambulatory measurements. Volume overload is the consequence of a too excessive sodium intake and the impaired ability of the kidney to excrete sodium at normal arterial pressures. Renal artery stenosis also leads to diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas. There are numerous studies in the literature about weight loss and its effects on BP, whether by dietary or pharmacological intervention or by bariatric surgery. Hypertension is not only prevalent in patients with CKD, it is also a key factor to control cardiovascular events in patients with CKD and to prevent progression of CKD itself.
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