Acetobacterium †,‡
Firmicutes
Clostridia
Clostridiales
Eubacteriaceae
Maria V. Simankova,
Oleg R. Kotsyurbenko,
Maria V. Simankova
Russian Academy of Sciences, Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, 7/2, Prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya, Moscow, 117312 Russia
Search for more papers by this authorOleg R. Kotsyurbenko
Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Inhoffenstrasse 7, Braunschweig, D-38124 Germany
Search for more papers by this authorMaria V. Simankova,
Oleg R. Kotsyurbenko,
Maria V. Simankova
Russian Academy of Sciences, Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, 7/2, Prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya, Moscow, 117312 Russia
Search for more papers by this authorOleg R. Kotsyurbenko
Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Inhoffenstrasse 7, Braunschweig, D-38124 Germany
Search for more papers by this author†
Balch, Schoberth, Tanner and Wolfe 1977, 360AL
‡
Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., in association with Bergey's Manual Trust.
Abstract
A.ce.to.bac.te'ri.um. L. n. acetum vinegar; Gr. neut. n. bakterion a small rod; N.L. neut. n. Acetobacterium vinegar rod.
Firmicutes / “Clostridia” / Clostridiales / “Eubacteriaceae” / Acetobacterium
Oval-shaped, short rods. Gram-stain-positive. Motile. Endospores not formed. Strictly anaerobic. Optimal temperature 27–30°C for mesophilic species, 20–30°C for psychrotolerant species. Optimal pH 7.0–8.0. Colonies are convex, white, slightly yellow, or brownish, 0.6–1.0 mm in diameter. Autotrophic growth occurs by anaerobic oxidation of H2 and reduction of CO2 to acetic acid. Chemo-organotrophic, carrying out homoacetogenic fermentation of reduced substrates, such as fructose and some other monomeric sugars, as well as pyruvate, lactate, glycerol, and methanol; methyl groups of phenyl methyl ethers and betaine are converted to acetate. The acetyl-CoM pathway serves as an energy-conserving process and as a mechanism for autotrophic assimilation of carbon. Cytochromes have not been detected.
DNA G + C content (mol%): 39–45.8.
Type species: Acetobacterium woodii Balch, Schoberth, Tanner and Wolfe 1977, 360.
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Further reading
- Dierert, G. and G. Wohlfarth. 1994. Metabolism of homoaceto gens. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 66: 209–221.
- Drake, H.L. 1994. Acetogenesis, acetogenic bacteria, and the Acethyl-CoA “Wood/Ljungdahl” pathway: past and current perspectives. In Drake (Editor), Acetogenesis, Chapman & Hall, New York, London, pp. 3–60.
- Schuppert, B. and B. Schink. 1990. Fermentation of methoxyac etate to glycolate and acetate by newly isolated strains of Ace tobacterium sp. Arch. Microbiol. 153: 200–204.
