This chapter will review the common parasomnias, discuss clinician evaluation of parasomnias, and examine different treatment modalities. Both NREM and REM parasomnias will be listed and discussed; specific indicators for making the correct diagnosis will be reviewed. In patients with parasomnias, physicians need to consider alternative diagnoses, including both other sleep and non-sleep disorders, and fully evaluate patients so as to avoid incorrect management. Parasomnia treatments are often conservative, though specific cases may require pharmacological management.