This chapter presents a series of questions and answers and a case study on Anal cancer. It commences with a discourse on whether everyone with anal cancer, especially the young, be tested for HPV/p16, and ends with standard for palliative chemotherapy in the case of metastatic disease. The chapter also discusses whether human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines improve outcomes in invasive Squamous cell cancer of the anus (SCCA), the role for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in staging anal cancers, size criterion for identifying involvement of lymph nodes, and the ideal planning target volumes in anal cancer.