Chapter 70
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Pathogenesis
Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan,
Ramnik J. Xavier,
Daniel K. Podolsky,
Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorRamnik J. Xavier
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDaniel K. Podolsky
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAshwin N. Ananthakrishnan,
Ramnik J. Xavier,
Daniel K. Podolsky,
Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorRamnik J. Xavier
Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
Search for more papers by this authorDaniel K. Podolsky
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
Search for more papers by this authorBook Editor(s):Daniel K. Podolsky MD,
Michael Camilleri MD,
J. Gregory Fitz MD FAASLD,
Anthony N. Kalloo MD,
Fergus Shanahan MD,
Timothy C. Wang MD,
Daniel K. Podolsky MD
President, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Professor of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMichael Camilleri MD
Executive Dean for Development, Atherton and Winifred W. Bean Professor, Professor of Medicine, Physiology and Pharmacology, Distinguished Investigator, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Search for more papers by this authorJ. Gregory Fitz MD FAASLD
Executive Vice President for Academic Aff airs and Provost, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dean, Professor of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, TX, USA
Search for more papers by this authorAnthony N. Kalloo MD
Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Director, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
Search for more papers by this authorFergus Shanahan MD
Professor and Chair, Department of Medicine, Director, Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, University College Cork, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland
Search for more papers by this authorTimothy C. Wang MD
Chief, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Silberberg Professor of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Irving Cancer Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSummary
The two main forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The past decade has seen substantial advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of IBD, and in particular the complex interaction with functional alternations in the immune system. IBD is caused by interaction between dysbiosis in the intestinal microbial community, maintenance of the intestinal barrier, and the immune system. Alterations in the host genetics and environment results in chronic inflammation in inflammatory bowel diseases. Recent research has highlighted, in particular, the critical role of the innate immune response in the pathogenesis of IBD, supported by the co occurrence of IBD in patients with primary immunodeficiency states associated with defective innate immune mechanisms. Much of the focus on the role of the adaptive immune response in IBD has been directed on CD4+ T-helper cells (Th cells).
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