Of Tails and Their Dogs
A Critical View of the Measurement of Trait Narcissism in Social-Personality Research
Summary
In this chapter we describe what we consider to be a fundamental circularity problem plaguing research on trait narcissism, based upon researchers' tendencies to build their own assumptions of what narcissism looks like into their scales. Although this is not an unreasonable practice, if these assumptions are not critically examined, they can result in a severe case of the tail wagging the dog. We illustrate this problem with a hypothetical individual difference and some data.