Cutin from Plants
Part 3a. Polyesters
Prof. Dr. Pappachan E. Kolattukudy,
Prof. Dr. Pappachan E. Kolattukudy
- [email protected]
- +01-614-292-5682 | Fax: +01-614-292-5379
The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA, 43210
Search for more papers by this authorProf. Dr. Pappachan E. Kolattukudy,
Prof. Dr. Pappachan E. Kolattukudy
- [email protected]
- +01-614-292-5682 | Fax: +01-614-292-5379
The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA, 43210
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
- Introduction
- Historical Outline
- Occurrence and Ultrastructure of Cutin
- Isolation of Cutin
- Depolymerization of Cutin
- Chemical Depolymerization
- Enzymatic Depolymerization
- Monomer Composition of Cutin
- Structure of Cutin
- Biosynthesis of Cutin
- Biosynthesis of the C16 Family of Cutin Monomers
- Biosynthesis of the C18 Family of Cutin Monomers
- Synthesis of Cutin from Monomers
- Cutin Biodegradation
- Cutin Degradation in Plants
- Degradation of Cutin by Animals
- Cutin Degradation by Bacteria
- Fungal Degradation
- Purification and Molecular Characterization of Fungal Cutinases
- Catalytic Properties of Cutinase
- Function of Cutin
- Material Exchange with the Environment
- Low-temperature Adaptation
- Role of Cutin in the Interaction with Microbes
- Regulation of Cutinase Gene Transcription
- Cutin Required for Proper Development of Plant Organs
- Potential Commercial Use for Cutin and Cutinase
- Outlook and Perspectives
- Patents
References
- Bajar, A., Podila, G. K., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1991) Identification of a fungal cutinase promoter that is inducible by a plant signal via a phosphorylated trans-acting factor, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 8208–8212.
- Blée, E., Schuber, F. (1990) Efficient epoxidation of unsaturated fatty acids by a hydroperoxide-dependent oxygenase, J. Biol. Chem. 265, 12887.
- Blée, E., Schuber, F. (1992) Regio- and enantioselectivity of soybean fatty acid epoxide hydrolase, J. Biol. Chem. 267, 11881.
- Blée, E., Schuber, F. (1993) Biosynthesis of cutin monomers: involvement of a lipoxygenase/peroxygenase pathway, Plant J. 4, 113–123.
- Blée, E., Schuber, F. (1995) Stereocontrolled hydrolysis of the linoleic acid monoepoxide regioisomers catalyzed by soybean epoxide hydrolase, Eur. J. Biochem. 230, 229.
- Blée, E., Stahl, U., Schuber, F., Stymne, S. (1993) Regio- and stereoselectivity of cytochrome P-450 and peroxygenase-dependent formation of cis-12,13-epoxy-9(Z)-octadecenoic acid (vernolic acid) in Euphorbia lagascae, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 197, 778.
- Bonnen, A. M., Hammerschmidt, R. (1989) Cutinolytic enzymes from Colletotrichum lagenarium, Physiol. Mol. Plant. Pathol. 35, 463.
- Boston, M., Requadt, C., Danko, S., Jarnagin, A., Ashizawa, E., Wu, S., Poulose, A. J., Bott, R. (1997) Structure and function of engineered Pseudomonas mendocina lipase, in: Methods in Enzymology ( B. Rubin, E. A. Dennis, Eds.), New York: Academic Press, 298–317, vol. 284.
- Brown, A. J., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1978a) Mammalian utilization of cutin, the cuticular polyester of plants, J. Agric. Food Chem. 26, 1263–1266.
- Brown, A. J., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1978b) Evidence that pancreatic lipase is responsible for the hydrolysis of cutin, a biopolyester present in mammalian diet, and the role of bile salt and colipase in this hydrolysis, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 190, 17–26.
- Carvalho, C. M. L., Aires-Barros, M. R., Cabral, J. M. S. (1999) Cutinase: from molecular level to bioprocess development, Biotech. Bioeng. 66, 17.
- Crisp, C. E. (1965) The biopolymer cutin. PhD Thesis, University of California, Davis, CA.
- Croteau, R., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1974a) Biosynthesis of pentahydroxystearic acid of cutin from linoleic acid in Rosmarinus officinalis, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 162, 458–470.
- Croteau, R., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1974b) Direct evidence for the involvement of epoxide intermediates in the biosynthesis of the C18 family of cutin acids, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 162, 471–480.
- Croteau, R., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1974c) Biosynthesis of hydroxyfatty acid polymers. Enzymatic synthesis of cutin from monomer acids by cell-free preparations from the epidermis of Vicia faba leaves, Biochemistry 13, 3193–3202.
- Croteau, R., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1975a) Biosynthesis of hydroxyfatty acid polymers. Enzymatic epoxidation of 18-hydroxyoleic acid to 18-hydroxy-cis-9,10-epoxystearic acid by a particulate preparation from spinach (Spinacia oleracea), Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 170, 61–72.
- Croteau, R., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1975b) Biosynthesis of hydroxyfatty acid polymers. Enzymatic hydration of 18-hydroxy-cis-9,10-epoxystearic acid to threo-9,10,18-trihydroxystearic acid by a particulate preparation from apple (Malus pumila), Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 170, 73–81.
- Crowhurst, R. N., Binnie, S. J., Bowen, J. K., Hawthorne, B. T., Plummer, K. M., Rees-George, J., Rikkerink, E. H., Templeton, M. D. (1997) Effect of disruption of a cutinase gene (cutA) on virulence and tissue specificity of Fusarium solani F. sp. cucurbitae race 2 toward Cucurbita maxima and C. moschata, Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 10, 355.
-
Deas, A. H. B.,
Holloway, P. J.
(1977)
The intermolecular structure of some plant cutins, in: Lipids and Lipid Polymers in Higher Plants ( M. Tevini, H. K. Lichtenthaler, Eds.), Berlin, Heidelberg, New York: Springer-Verlag,
293.
10.1007/978-3-642-66632-2_16 Google Scholar
- Edwards, D., Abbott, G. D., Raven, J. A. (1996) Cuticles of early land plants: a palaeoecophysiological evaluation, in: Plant Cuticles: An Integrated Functional Approach ( G. Kerstiens, Ed.), Oxford: BIOS Scientific Publishers, Chapter 1.
- Espelie, K. E., Dean, B. B., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1979) Composition of lipid-derived polymers from different anatomical regions of several plant species, Plant Physiol. 64, 1089–1093.
- Fang, X., Qiu, F., Yan, B., Wang, H., Mort, A. J., Stark, R. E. (2001) NMR studies of molecular structure in fruit cuticle polyesters, Phytochemistry 57, 1035–1042.
- Fauth, M., Schweizer, P., Buchala, A., Markstadter, C., Riederer, M, Kato, T., Kauss, H. (1998) Cutin monomers and surface wax constituents elicit H2O2 in the conditioned cucumber hypocotyl segments and enhance the activity of other H2O2 elicitors, Plant Physiol. 117, 1373.
- Francis, S. A., Dewey, F. M., Gurr, S. J. (1996) The role of cutinase in germline development and infection by Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei, Physiol. Mol. Plant. Pathol. 49, 201.
- Gilbert, R. D., Johnson, A. M., Dean, R. A. (1996) Chemical signals responsible for appressorium formation in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe grisea, Physiol. Mol. Plant. Pathol. 48, 335.
- Gindro, K., Pezet, R. (1999) Purification and characterization of a 40.9-kDa cutinase in ungerminated conidia of Botrytis cinerea Pers.: Fr, FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 171, 239.
- Griffith, M., Huner, N. P. A., Espelie, K. E., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1985) Lipid polymers accumulate in the epidermis and in mestome sheath cell walls during low temperature development of winter rye leaves, Protoplasma 125, 53–64.
- Hankin, L., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1971) Utilization of cutin by a pseudomonad isolated from soil, Plant and Soil 34, 525–529.
- Hegde, Y., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1997) Cuticular waxes relieve self-inhibition of germination and appressorium formation by the conidia of Magnaporthe grisea, Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 51, 75–84.
- Heinen, W., Linskens, H. F. (1961) Enzymatic breakdown of stigmatic cuticle of flowers, Nature 191, 1416.
- Heslop-Harrison, Y. (1977) The pollen-stigma interaction: pollen-tube penetration in crocus, Ann. Bot. 41, 913.
- Hiscock, S. J., Dewey, F. M., Coleman, J. O. D., Dickinson, H. G. (1994) Identification and localization of an active cutinase in the pollen of Brassica napus L, Planta 193, 377–384.
- Holloway, P. J. (1982a) The chemical constitution of plant cutins, in: The Plant Cuticle ( D. F. Cutler, K. L. Alvin, C. E. Price, Eds.), London: Academic Press, 45–86.
- Holloway, P. J. (1982b) Structure and histochemistry of plant-cuticular membranes: an overview, in: The Plant Cuticle ( D. F. Cutler, K. L. Alvin, C. E. Price, Eds.), London: Academic Press, 1–32.
- Holt, G. D., Hart, G. W. (1986) The subcellular distribution of terminal N-acetylglucosamine moieties. Localization of a novel protein-saccharide linkage, O-linked GlcNAc, J. Biol. Chem. 261, 8049.
- Jackson, S. P., Tijan, R. (1998) O-Glycosylation of eukaryotic transcription factors: implications for mechanisms of transcriptional regulation, Cell 55, 125–133.
- Jendrossek, D., Schirma, A., Schlegel, H. G. (1996) Biodegradation of polyhydroxyalkanoic acids, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 46, 451–463.
- Jones, K. S. and McKersie, B. D. (2000) Prevention of ice propagation by permeability barriers in bud axes of Vitis vinifera, Can. J. Bot. 78, 3–9.
- Kämper, J., Kämper, U., Rogers, L. M., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1994) Identification of regulatory elements in the cutinase promoter from Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi (Nectria haematococca), J. Biol. Chem. 269, 9195–9204.
- Kim, Y.-K., Li, D., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1998) Induction of Ca2+-calmodulin signaling by hard-surface contact primes Colletotrichum gloeosporioides conidia to germinate and form appressoria, J. Bacteriol. 180, 5144–5150.
- Kiyosue, T., Beetham, J. K., Pinot, F., Hammock, B. D., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki, K., Shinozaki, K. (1994) Characterization of an Arabidopsis cDNA for a soluble epoxide hydrolase gene that is inducible by auxin and water stress, Plant J. 6, 259.
- Knox, R. B., Clarke, A., Harrison, S., Smith, P., Marchalonis, J. J. (1976) Cell recognition in plants: determinants of the stigma surface and their pollen interactions, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 73, 2788.
- Kolattukudy, P. E. (1970a) Biosynthesis of a lipid polymer, cutin: the structural component of plant cuticle, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 41, 299–305.
- Kolattukudy, P. E. (1970b) Cutin biosynthesis in Vicia faba leaves – effect of age, Plant Physiol. 46, 759–760.
- Kolattukudy, P. E. (1974) Biosynthesis of a hydroxy fatty acid polymer, cutin. Identification and biosynthesis of 16-oxo-9 or 10-hydroxy-palmitic acid, a novel compound in Vicia faba, Biochemistry 13, 1354–1363.
- Kolattukudy, P. E. (1977) Lipid polymers and associated phenols, their chemistry, biosynthesis, and role in pathogenesis, in: Recent Advances in Phytochemistry ( F.A. Loewus, V.C. Runeckles, Eds.), New York: Plenum Press, 185–246, vol. 11.
- Kolattukudy, P. E. (1984) Cutinases from fungi and pollen, in: Lipases ( B. Borgstrom, H. Brockman, Eds.), Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers, 471–504.
- Kolattukudy, P. E. (1985) Enzymatic penetration of the plant cuticle by fungal pathogens, Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 23, 223–250.
- Kolattukudy, P. E. (1996) Biosynthetic pathways of cutin and waxes, and their sensitivity to environmental stresses, in: Plant Cuticles: An Integrated Functional Approach ( G. Kerstiens, Ed.), Oxford: BIOS Scientific Publishers Ltd., 83–108.
- Kolattukudy, P. E. (2001) Polyesters in higher plants, in: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology: Biopolyesters ( W. Babel, A. Steinbüchel, Eds.), Heidelberg, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1–49.
- Kolattukudy, P. E., Poulose, A. J. (1991) Cutinase cleaning compositions. U.S. Patent no. 4,981,611.
- Kolattukudy, P. E., Poulose, A. J. (1996a) Cutinase cleaning compositions. U.S. Patent no. 5,512,203.
- Kolattukudy, P. E., Poulose, A. J. (1996b) Enzymes as agricultural chemical adjuvants. U.S. Patent no. 5,545,547.
- Kolattukudy, P. E., Walton, T. J. (1972) Structure and biosynthesis of the hydroxy fatty acids of cutin in Vicia faba leaves, Biochemistry 11, 1897–1907.
- Kolattukudy, P. E., Walton, T. J. (1973) The biochemistry of plant cuticular lipids, Prog. Chem. Fats Other Lipids 8, 121–175.
- Kolattukudy, P. E., Walton, T. J., Kushwaha, R. P. S. (1973) Biosynthesis of the C18 family of cutin acids: ω-hydroxyoleic acid; ω-hydroxy-9,10-epoxystearic acid, 9,10,18-trihydroxystearic acid, and their D12-unsaturated analogs, Biochemistry 12, 4488–4498.
- Kolattukudy, P. E., Purdy, R. E., Maiti, I. B. (1981) Cutinases from fungi and pollen, in: Methods in Enzymology ( J. M. Lowenstein, Ed.), New York: Academic Press, 652–664, vol. 71.
- Kolattukudy, P. E., Rogers, L. M., Li, D., Hwang, C.-S., Flaishman, M. A. (1995) Surface signaling in pathogenesis, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 4080–4087.
- Kolattukudy, P. E., Kim, Y., Li, D., Liu, Z. M., Rogers, L. (2000) Early molecular communication between Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and its host, in: Host specificity, pathology and host pathogen interaction of Colletotrichum ( M. Dickman, S. Freeman, D. Prusky, Eds.), St. Paul, MN: The American Phytopathological Society, 78–98.
- Köller, W., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1982) Mechanism of action of cutinase: chemical modification of the catalytic triad characteristic for serine hydrolases, Biochemistry 21, 3083–3090.
- Köller, W., Allan, C. R., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1982a) Inhibition of cutinase and prevention of fungal penetration into plants by benomyl – a possible protective mode of action, Pesticide Biochem. Phys. 18, 15–25.
- Köller, W., Allan, C. R., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1982b) Role of cutinase and cell wall degrading enzymes in infection of Pisum sativum by Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi, Physiol. Plant Pathol. 20, 47–60.
- Köller, W., Yao, C., Trial, F., Parker, D. M. (1995) Role of cutinase in the invasion of plants, Can. J. Bot. 73, S1109–S1118.
- Lardizabal, K. D., Metz, J. G., Sakamoto, T., Hutton, W. C., Pollard, M. R., Lassner, M. W. (2000) Purification of a jojoba embryo wax synthase, cloning of its cDNA, and production of high levels of wax in seeds of transgenic Arabidopsis, Plant Physiol. 122, 645–655.
- Li, D., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1995) Cloning and expression of cDNA encoding a protein that binds a palindromic promoter element essential for induction of fungal cutinase by plant cutin, J. Biol. Chem. 270, 11753–11756.
- Li, D., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1997) Cloning of cutinase transcription factor 1, a transactivating protein containing Cys6Zn2 binuclear cluster DNA-binding motif, J. Biol. Chem. 272, 12462–12467.
- Lin, T.-S., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1976) Evidence for novel linkages in a glycoprotein involving β-hydroxyphenylalanine and β-hydroxytyrosine, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 72, 243–250.
- Lin, T.-S., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1978) Induction of a biopolyester hydrolase (cutinase) by low levels of cutin monomers in Fusarium solani f. sp. pisi, J. Bacteriol. 133, 942–951.
- Lin, T.-S., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1980a) Isolation and characterization of a cuticular polyester (cutin) hydrolyzing enzyme from phytopathogenic fungi, Physiol. Plant Pathol. 17, 1–15.
- Lin, T.-S., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1980b) Structural studies on cutinase, a glycoprotein containing novel amino acids and glucuronic acid amide at the N terminus, Eur. J. Biochem. 106, 341–351.
- Linskens, H. F. (1975) The physiological basis of incompatibility in angiosperms, in: The Biology of the Male Gamete ( J. G. Duckett, P. A. Racey, Eds.), London: Academic Press (for the Linnean Society of London), 143.
- Linskens, H. F., Heinen, W. (1962) Cutinase-Nachweis in Pollen, Z. Bot. 50, 338–347.
- Liu, Z.-M., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1998) Identification of a gene product induced by hard-surface contact of Collectotrichum gloeosporioides conidia as a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme by yeast complementation, J. Bacteriol. 180, 3592–3597.
- Liu, Z.-M., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1999) Early expression of the calmodulin gene, which precedes appressorium formation in Magnaporthe grisea, is inhibited by self-inhibitors and requires surface attachment, J. Bacteriol. 181, 3571–3577.
- Macko, V. (1981) Inhibitors and stimulants of spore germination and infection structure formation in fungi, in: The Fungal Spore Morphogenetic Controls ( G. Turian, H. R. Holh, Eds.), New York: Academic Press, 565.
- Maiti, I. B., Kolattukudy, P. E., Shaykh, M. (1979) Purification and characterization of a novel cutinase from nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus) pollen, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 196, 412–423.
- Martin, J. J., Juniper, B. E. (1970) The Cuticles of Plants, New York: St. Martin Press, Inc.
- Martinez, C., De Geus, P., Lauwereys, M., Matthyssens, G., Cambillau, C. (1992) Fusarium solani cutinase is a lipolytic enzyme with a catalytic serine accessible to solvent, Nature 356, 615.
- Martinez, C., Nicolas, A., van Tilbeurgh, H., Egloff, M.-P., Cudrey, C., Verger, R., Cambillau, C. (1994) Cutinase, a lipolytic enzyme with a preformed oxyanion hole, Biochemistry 33, 83.
-
Murphy, C. A.,
Cameron, J. A.,
Huang, S. J.,
Vinopal, R. T.
(1988)
A second polycaprolactone depolymerase from Fusarium, a lipase distinct from cutinase,
Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 50,
692–696.
10.1007/s002530051352 Google Scholar
- Murphy, C. A., Cameron, J. A., Huang, S. J., Vinopal, R. T. (1996) Fusarium polycaprolactone depolymerase is cutinase, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62, 456–460.
- Patty, B. R., Chandra, A. K. (1981) Effect of spraying nitrogen-fixing phyllospheric bacterial isolates on wheat plants, Plant Soil 61, 419–427.
- Pinot, F., Bosch, H., Alayrac, C., Mioskowski, C., Vendais, A., Durst, F., Salaun, J. P. (1993) ω-Hydroxylation of oleic acid in Vicia sativa microsomes. Inhibition by substrate analogs and inactivation by terminal acetylenes, Plant Physiol. 102, 1313–1318.
- Prompers, J. J., Hilbers, C. W., Pepermans, H. A. M. (1999a) Tryptophan mediated photoreduction of disulfide bond causes unusual fluorescence behaviour of Fusarium solani pisi cutinase, FEBS Lett. 456, 409–416.
- Prompers, J. J., Groenewegen, A., Hilbers, C. W., Pepermans, H. A. M. (1999b) Backbone dynamics of Fusarium solani pisi cutinase probed by nuclear magnetic resonance: the lack of interfacial activation revisited, Biochemistry 38, 5315.
- Prompers, J. J., van Noorloos, B., Mannesse, M. L. M., Groenewegen, A., Egmond, M. R., Verheij, H. M., Hilbers, C. W., Pepermans, H. A. M. (1999c) NMR studies of Fusarium solani pisi cutinase in complex with phosphonate inhibitors, Biochemistry 38, 5982.
- Purdy, R. E., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1973) Depolymerization of a hydroxy fatty acid biopolymer, cutin, by an extracellular enzyme from Fusarium solani f. pisi: isolation and some properties of the enzyme, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 159, 61–69.
- Purdy, R. E., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1975a) Hydrolysis of plant cuticle by plant pathogens. Purification, amino acid composition, and molecular weight of two isozymes of cutinase and a nonspecific esterase from Fusarium solani f. pisi, Biochemistry 14, 2824.
- Purdy, R. E., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1975b) Hydrolysis of plant cuticle by plant pathogens. Properties of cutinase I, cutinase II, and a nonspecific esterase isolated from Fusarium solani pisi, Biochemistry 14, 2832.
- Ray, A. K., Stark, R. E. (1998) Isolation and molecular structure of an oligomer produced enzymatically from the cuticle of lime fruit, Phytochemistry 48, 1313–1320.
- Ray, A. K., Chen, Z. J., Stark, R. E. (1998) Chemical depolymerization studies of the molecular architecture of lime fruit cuticle, Phytochemistry 49, 65–70.
- Rieder, M., Schreiber, L. (1995) Waxes: the transport barriers of plant cuticles, in: Waxes: Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Functions ( R. J. Hamilton, Ed.), Dundee: The Oily Press, 131.
- Rogers, L., Kim, Y., Guo, W., González-Candelas, L., Li, D., Kolattukudy, P. E. (2000) Requirement for either a host-induced or a pectin-induced pectate lyase for infection of Pisum sativum by Nectria haematococca, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 9813–9818.
- Round, A. N., Yan, B., Dang, S., Estephan, R., Stark, R. E., Batteas, J. D. (2000) The influence of water on the nanomechanical behavior of the plant biopolyester cutin as studied by AFM and solid-state NMR, Biophys. J. 79, 2761–2767.
- Salinas, J. (1992) Function of cutinolytic enzymes in the infection of Gerbera flowers by Botrytis cinerea. PhD Thesis, University of Utrecht, Utrecht.
- Schönherr, J., Baur, P. (1996) Effects of temperature, surfactants and other adjuvants on rates of uptake of organic compounds, in: Plant Cuticles: An Integrated Functional Approach ( G. Kerstiens, Ed.), Oxford: BIOS Scientific Publishers, Chapter 6.
- Schreiber, L., Kirsch, T., Riederer, M. (1996) Diffusion through cuticles: principles and models, in: Plant Cuticles: An Integrated Functional Approach ( G. Kerstiens, Ed.), Oxford: BIOS Scientific Publishers, Chapter 4.
- Schweizer, P., Felix, G., Buchala, A., Müller, C., Métraux, J.-P. (1996a) Perception of free cutin monomers by plant cells, Plant J. 10, 331–341.
- Schweizer, P., Jeanguenat, A., Whitacre, D., Métraux, J. P., Mössinger, E. (1996b) Induction of resistance in barley against Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei by free cutin monomers, Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 49, 103.
- Sebastian, J. (1987) Discovery and purification of cutinase and cloning of cutinase gene from a Pseudomonas sp. cohabiting with an apparently nitrogen-fixing Corynebacterium sp. in the phyllosphere. PhD Thesis, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
- Sebastian, J., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1988) Purification and characterization of cutinase from a fluorescent Pseudomonas putida bacterial strain isolated from phyllosphere, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 263, 77–85.
- Sebastian, J., Chandra, A. K., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1987) Discovery of a cutinase-producing Pseudomonas sp. cohabiting with an apparently nitrogen-fixing Corynebacterium in the phyllosphere, J. Bacteriol. 169, 131–136.
- Shaykh, M., Kolattukudy, P. E., Davis, R. (1977) Production of a novel extracellular cutinase by the pollen and the chemical composition and ultrastructure of the stigma cuticle of nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus), Plant Physiol. 60, 907–915.
- Sieber, P., Schorderet, M., Ryser, U., Buchala, A., Kolattukudy, P. E., Métraux, J.-P., Nawrath, C. (2000) Transgenic Arabidopsis expressing a fungal cutinase show an organ fusion phenotype and alterations in cuticle structure and properties, Plant Cell 12, 721–738.
- Soliday, C. L. and Kolattukudy, P. E. (1977) Biosynthesis of cutin. ω-Hydroxylation of fatty acids by a microsomal preparation from germinating Vicia faba, Plant Physiol. 59, 1116–1121.
- Soliday, C. L., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1978) Mid-chain hydroxylation of 16-hydroxypalmitic acid by the endoplasmic reticulum fraction from germinating Vicia faba, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 188, 338–347.
- Stapleton, A., Beetham, J. K., Pinot, F., Garbarino, J. E., Rockhold, D. R., Friedman, M., Hammock, B. D., Belknap, W. R. (1994) Cloning and expression of soluble epoxide hydrolase from potato, Plant J. 6, 251.
- St.-Pierre, B., Laflamme, P., Alarco, A. M., De Luca, V. (1998) The terminal O-acetyltransferase involved in vindoline biosynthesis defines a new class of proteins responsible for CoA-dependent acyl transfer, Plant J. 14, 703–713.
- Sweigard, J. A., Chumley, F. G., Valent, B. (1992) Disruption of a Magnaporthe grisea cutinase gene, Mol. Gen. Genet. 232, 183.
- Trail, F., Köller, W. (1999) Diversity of cutinases from plant pathogenic fungi: evidence for a relationship between enzyme properties and tissue specificity, Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 36, 495.
- van Kan, J. A., van't Klooster, J. W., Wagemakers, C. A., Dees, D. C., van der Vlugt-Bergmans, C. J. (1997) Cutinase A of Botrytis cinerea is expressed, but not essential, during penetration of gerbera and tomato, Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 10, 30.
- Villena, J. F., Casado, C. G., Luque, P., Heredia, A. (1996) Structural characteristics of a resistant biopolymer isolated from plant cuticles, J. Exp. Bot. 47 (suppl.), 56.
- Villena, J. F., Dominguez, E., Stewart, D., Heredia, A. (1999) Characterization and biosynthesis of non-degradable polymers in plant cuticles, Planta 208, 181.
- Villena, J. F., Dominguez, E., Heredia, A. (2000) Monitoring biopolymers present in plant cuticles by FT-IR spectroscopy, J. Plant Physiol. 156, 419.
- Walton, T. J., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1972) Enzymatic conversion of 16-hydroxypalmitic acid into 10,16-dihydroxypalmitic acid in Vicia faba epidermal extracts, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 46, 16–21.
- Wellesen, K., Durst, F., Pinot, F., Benveniste, I., Nettesheim, K., Wisman, E., Steiner-Lange, S., Saedler, H., Yephremov, A. (2001) Functional analysis of the LACERATA gene of Arabidopsis provides evidence for different roles of fatty acid ω-hydroxylation in development, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98, 9694–9699.
- Wells, L., Vosseller, K., Hart, G. W. (2001) Glycosylation of nucleocytoplasmic proteins: signal transduction and O-glcNAc, Science 291, 2376–2378.
- Woloshuk, C. P., Kolattukudy, P. E. (1986) Mechanism by which contact with plant cuticle triggers cutinase gene expression in the spores of Fusarium solani f. sp. Pisi, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83, 1704.
- Yao, C., Köller, W. (1995) Diversity of cutinases from plant pathogenic fungi: different cutinases are expressed during saprophytic and pathogenic stages of Alternaria brassicicola, Mol. Plant Microb. Interact. 8, 122.
- Zlotnik-Mazori, T., Stark, R. E. (1988) Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of cutin, an insoluble plant polyester, Macromolecules 21, 2412.
Citing Literature
Biopolymers Online: Biology • Chemistry • Biotechnology • Applications
Browse other articles of this reference work: