Anthraquinone Dyes and Intermediates

Hans-Samuel Bien

Hans-Samuel Bien

Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Federal Republic of Germany

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Josef Stawitz

Josef Stawitz

Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Federal Republic of Germany

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Klaus Wunderlich

Klaus Wunderlich

Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Federal Republic of Germany

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First published: 15 June 2000
Citations: 18

Abstract

The article contains sections titled:

1.

Introduction and History

2.

Methods of Production

2.1.

Anthraquinonesulfonic Acids

2.2.

Alkyl- and Arylanthraquinones

2.3.

Haloanthraquinones

2.4.

Nitroanthraquinones

2.5.

Aminoanthraquinones

2.5.1.

General Aspects

2.5.1.1.

Replacement Reactions

2.5.1.2.

Modifications of the Amino Functions

2.5.1.3.

Substitutions on the Aminoanthraquinone Nucleus

2.5.2.

Individual Aminoanthraquinones

2.5.3.

Diazotization of Aminoanthraquinones

2.6.

Hydroxyanthraquinones, Alkoxy- and Aryloxyanthraquinones

2.6.1.

General Aspects

2.6.1.1.

Synthesis of the Nucleus

2.6.1.2.

Replacement Reactions

2.6.1.3.

Conversions of the Hydroxy Group

2.6.1.4.

Substitutions on the Hydroxyanthraquinone Nucleus

2.6.2.

Individual Hydroxyanthraquinones

2.7.

Mercaptoanthraquinones

2.7.1.

General Aspects

2.7.2.

Individual Mercapto Compounds and Thioethers

2.8.

Anthraquinonesulfones

2.9.

Anthraquinone Aldehydes and Their Derivatives

2.10.

Anthraquinonecarboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

2.10.1.

General Aspects

2.10.2.

Individual Anthraquinonecarboxylic Acids

2.11.

Anthraquinone Derivatives with Condensed Rings

2.11.1.

Anthraquinone Derivatives Containing Imidazole, Oxazole, and Thiazole Rings

2.11.2.

Anthraquinonecarbazole Derivatives

2.11.3.

Anthraquinone Derivatives with Acridone Substructure (Phthaloylacridones)

2.11.4.

Anthraquinone Derivatives with Phenazine Substructure

2.12.

Anthraquinone Derivatives with Meso Rings (1,9-Cyclo-10-anthrones)

2.12.1.

Benzanthrone and Its Derivatives

2.12.2.

Pyrazolanthrone and Its Derivatives

2.12.3.

1,9-Anthrapyrimidine and Its Derivatives (1,9(N-)-Pyrimidinoanthrone-10)

2.12.4.

1,9-Anthrapyridone and Its Derivatives

2.12.5.

Dibenzpyrenequinones

2.12.6.

Anthanthrones

2.12.7.

Pyranthrone and Flavanthrone

2.12.8.

Violanthrone and Isoviolanthrone

2.12.9.

Acedianthrone

3.

Dye Classes

3.1.

Neutral Dyes

3.1.1.

Disperse Dyes

3.1.1.1.

Dyes for Polyester Fibers

3.1.1.2.

Dyes for Cellulose Ester and Synthetic Polyamide Fibers

3.1.1.3.

Transfer Dyes

3.1.1.4.

Dyes for Cotton - Polyester Fabrics

3.1.2.

Dyes Soluble in Organic Solvents

3.1.3.

Vat Dyes

3.1.4.

Pigments

3.2.

Anionic Dyes

3.2.1.

Acid Dyes

3.2.2.

Direct Dyes

3.2.3.

Reactive Dyes

3.3.

Cationic Dyes

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