Ammonium Compounds

Karl-Heinz Zapp

Karl-Heinz Zapp

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwigshafen, Federal Republic of Germany

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Karl-Heinz Wostbrock

Karl-Heinz Wostbrock

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwigshafen, Federal Republic of Germany

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Manfred Schäfer

Manfred Schäfer

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwigshafen, Federal Republic of Germany

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Kimihiko Sato

Kimihiko Sato

Asahi Glass Company Ltd., Yokohama, Japan

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Herbert Seiter

Herbert Seiter

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwigshafen, Federal Republic of Germany

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Werner Zwick

Werner Zwick

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwigshafen, Federal Republic of Germany

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Ruthild Creutziger

Ruthild Creutziger

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwigshafen, Federal Republic of Germany

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Herbert Leiter

Herbert Leiter

BASF Aktiengesellschaft, Ludwigshafen, Federal Republic of Germany

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First published: 15 June 2000
Citations: 18

Abstract

The article contains sections titled:

1.

Ammonium Nitrate

1.1.

Physical and Chemical Properties

1.2.

Production

1.2.1.

From Ammonia and Nitric Acid

1.2.2.

Conversion of Calcium Nitrate Tetrahydrate

1.3.

Granulation

1.4.

Grain Stabilization and Surface Treatment (Conditioning)

1.5.

Transport Regulations

1.6.

Safety

1.7.

Uses

1.8.

Economic Aspects

2.

Ammonium Sulfate

2.1.

Properties

2.2.

Production

2.2.1.

From Coke-Oven Gas

2.2.2.

From Ammonia and Sulfuric Acid

2.2.3.

Coproduct in Organic Syntheses

2.2.4.

From Gypsum

2.2.5.

Other Processes

2.3.

Granulation and Storage

2.4.

Uses

2.5.

Economic Aspects

3.

Ammonium Chloride

3.1.

Properties

3.2.

Production

3.2.1.

Modified Solvay (Ammonia - Soda Ash) Process

3.2.2.

Direct Reaction Between HCl and NH3

3.2.3.

Reaction of Reciprocal Pairs of Salts

3.3.

Corrosion

3.4.

Packaging, Storage, Shipping, and Handling

3.5.

Uses

4.

Ammonium Carbonates

4.1.

Ammonium Hydrogencarbonate

4.2.

Ammonium Carbamate

4.3.

Ammonium Carbonate

4.4.

Storage, Transport, and Handling

4.5.

Uses

5.

Toxicology and Occupational Health

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