Prospective study of the duration and magnitude of viraemia in children hospitalised during the 1996–1997 dengue-2 outbreak in French Polynesia
Corresponding Author
Bernadette Murgue
Unité de Recherche en Virologie, Institut Territorial de Recherches Médicales Louis Malardé, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
CNR Arbovirus, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France===Search for more papers by this authorClaudine Roche
Unité de Recherche en Virologie, Institut Territorial de Recherches Médicales Louis Malardé, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
Search for more papers by this authorEliane Chungue
Unité de Recherche en Virologie, Institut Territorial de Recherches Médicales Louis Malardé, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
Search for more papers by this authorXavier Deparis
Service de Médecine des collectivités, Institut de Médecine Tropical du Service de Santé des Armées, Le Pharo, Marseille, France
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Bernadette Murgue
Unité de Recherche en Virologie, Institut Territorial de Recherches Médicales Louis Malardé, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
CNR Arbovirus, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France===Search for more papers by this authorClaudine Roche
Unité de Recherche en Virologie, Institut Territorial de Recherches Médicales Louis Malardé, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
Search for more papers by this authorEliane Chungue
Unité de Recherche en Virologie, Institut Territorial de Recherches Médicales Louis Malardé, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia
Search for more papers by this authorXavier Deparis
Service de Médecine des collectivités, Institut de Médecine Tropical du Service de Santé des Armées, Le Pharo, Marseille, France
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
The magnitude and duration of viraemia in children admitted to the hospital with dengue was studied during a dengue 2 outbreak in French Polynesia in 1996–1997. Forty-nine patients from whom at least 3 plasma samples were available were included in the study. Based on analysis of IgG-ELISA and haemagglutination inhibition assay, 21 of these were primary and 28 were secondary infections. According to World Health Organization criteria, 42 were dengue fever and 7 were dengue haemorrhagic fever. Virus was detectable by reverse transcription-PCR in all patients for at least the first 3 days of the onset of fever, but was never detected after the 6th day (mean duration = 4.4 days). Plasma virus titers ranged from 1.7–5.6 Log10 TCID50/ml. A significant difference was not observed in the magnitude and duration of viraemia in patients with primary versus secondary infections. The severity of the illness, however, was correlated with both criteria. J. Med. Virol. 60:432–438, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
REFERENCES
- Barker E, Machewicz CE, Reyes-Teran G, Sato A, Stranford SA, Fujimura SH, Christopherson C, Chang SY, Levy JA. 1998. Virological and immunological features of long-term human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals who have remained asymptomatic compared with those who have progressed to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Blood 92: 3105–3114.
- Bielefeldt-Ohmann H. 1997. Pathogenesis of dengue virus diseases: missing pieces in the jigsaw. Trends Microbiol 5: 409–413.
- Boom R, Sol CJA, Salimans MMM, Jansen CL, Wertheim-van-Dillen PME, Van der Noordaa J 1990. Rapid and simple method for purification of nucleic acids. J Clin Microbiol 8: 495–503.
- Burke DS, Nisalak A, Johnson DE, Scott RM 1988. A prospective study of dengue infections in Bangkok. Am J Trop Med Hyg 38: 172–180.
- Chungue E, Boutin JP, Roux J. 1989a. Antibody capture ELISA for IgM antibody titration in sera for dengue serodiagnosis and surveillance. Res Virol 140: 229–240.
- Chungue E, Marché G, Plichart R, Boutin JP, Roux J. 1989b. Comparison of immunoglobulin G enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IgG-ELISA) and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test for the detection of dengue antibodies. Prevalence of dengue IgG-ELISA antibodies in Tahiti. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 93: 708–711.
- Chungue E, Burucoa C, Boutin JP, Philippon G, Laudon F, Plichart R, Barbazan P, Cardines R, Roux J. 1992. Dengue 1 epidemic in French Polynesia, 1988–1989: surveillance and clinical, epidemiological, virological and serological findings in 1752 documented clinical cases. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 86: 193–197.
- Chungue E, Roche C, Lefevre MF, Barbazan P, Chanteau S. 1993. Ultra-rapid, simple, sensitive, and economical silica method for extraction of dengue viral RNA from clinical specimens and mosquitoes by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. J Med Virol 40: 142–145.
- Chungue E, Deparis X, Murgue B. 1998. Dengue in French Polynesia: major features, surveillance, molecular epidemiology and current situation. Public Health Dialog 5: 1541–1562.
- De-Moliner L, Pontisso P, De-Salvo GL, Cavalletto L, Chemello L, Alberti A. 1998. Serum and liver HCV RNA levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C: correlation with clinical and histological features. Gut 42: 856–860.
- Deparis X, Murgue B, Roche C, Cassar O, Chungue E. 1998a. Changing clinical and biological manifestations of dengue during the dengue-2 epidemic in French Polynesia in 1996/97. Description and analysis in a prospective study. Trop Med Int Health 3: 859–865.
- Deparis X, Roche C, Murgue B, Chungue E. 1998b. Possible dengue sequential infection: spread of the infection in a neighbourhood during the 1996/97 dengue-2 epidemic in French Polynesia. Trop Med Int Health 3: 859–865.
- Gubler DJ, Suharyono W, Lubis I, Eram S, Sulianti Saroso J. 1979. Epidemic dengue haemorrhagic fever in rural Indonesia. I. Virological and epidemiological studies. Am J Trop Med Hyg 28: 701–710.
- Gubler DJ, Suharyano W, Tan R, Abidin M, Sie A. 1981. Viraemia in patients with naturally acquired dengue infection. Bull WHO 59: 623–630.
- Gubler DJ. 1996. Serological diagnosis of dengue/dengue haemorrhagic fever. Dengue Bull 20: 20–23.
- Guzman MG, Kouri GP, Bravo J, Soler M, Vazquez S, Morier L. 1990. Dengue haemorrhagic fever in Cuba, 1981: a retrospective seroepidemiologic study. Am J Trop Med Hyg 42: 179–184.
- Halstead SB, Yamarat C. 1965. Recent epidemics of haemorrhagic fever in Thailand: observations related to the pathogenesis of a new dengue disease. Am J Public Health 55: 1386–1395.
- Halstead SB, Shotwell H, Casals J. 1973. Studies on the pathogenesis of dengue infection in monkeys. II. Clinical laboratory responses to heterologous infection. J Infect Dis 128: 15–22.
- Halstead SB, O'Rourke EJ. 1977. Dengue viruses and mononuclear phagocytes I. Infection enhancement by non-neutralizing antibody. J Exp Med 146: 201–217.
- Halstead SB. 1989. Antibody, macrophages, dengue virus infection, shock, and hemorrhage: a pathogenetic cascade. Rev Infect Dis 11: S830–S839.
- Hayes CG, Manaloto CR, Gonzales A, Ranoa CP. 1988. Dengue infections in the Philippines: clinical and virological findings in 517 hospitalised patients. Am J Trop Med Hyg 39: 110–116.
- Innis BL, Nisalak A, Nimmannitya S, Kusalerdchariya S, Chong-swasdi V, Suntayakorn, S, Puttisri P, Hoke CH. 1989. An enzyme-linked immunoassay to characterize dengue infections where dengue and Japanese encephalitis co-circulate. Am J Trop Med Hyg 40: 418–427.
- Kouri GP, Guzman MG, Bravo JR, Triana C. 1989. Dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome: lessons from the Cuban epidemic. Bull WHO 67: 375–380.
- Kuberski T, Rosen L, Reed D, Mataika J. 1977. Clinical and laboratory observations on patients with primary and secondary dengue type 1 infections with haemorrhagic manifestations in Fiji. Am J Trop Med Hyg 26: 775–783.
- Lanciotti RS, Calisher CH, Gubler DJ, Chang GJ, Vorndam AV. 1992. Rapid detection and typing of dengue viruses from clinical samples by using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol 30: 545–551.
- Laur F, Murgue B, Deparis X, Roche C, Cassar O, Chungue E. 1998. Plasma levels of TNF-a and TGF-b among 52 laboratory-confirmed children hospitalised during the 1996–1997 dengue 2 outbreak in French Polynesia. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 92: 654–656.
- Marchette NJ, Halstead SB, Chow JS. 1976. Replication of dengue viruses in cultures of peripheral blood leukocytes from dengue-immune Rhesus monkeys. J Infect Dis 133: 274–282.
- Miagostovich MP, Nogueira RM, Cavalcanti S, Marzochi KBF, Schatzmayr HG. 1993. Dengue epidemic in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brasil: virological and epidemiological aspects. Revista do Instituto Medicina Tropical do Sao Paulo 35: 149–154.
- Monath TP. 1994. Dengue: the risk to developed and developing countries. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91: 2395–2400.
- Murgue B, Cassar O, Guigon M, Chungue E. 1997. Dengue virus inhibits human hematopoietic progenitor growth in vitro. J Infect Dis 175: 1497–1501
- Murgue B, Cassar O, Deparis X, Guigon M, Chungue E. 1998. Implication of macrophage inflammatory protein-1α in the inhibition of human hematopoietic progenitor growth by dengue virus. J Gen Virol 79: 1889–1893.
- Murgue B, Deparis X, Chungue E, Cassar O, Roche C. 1999. Dengue: an evaluation of dengue severity in French Polynesia based on an analysis of 403 laboratory-confirmed cases. Trop Med Int Health 4: 765–773.
- Qiu FX, Chen QQ, Ho QY, Chen WZ, Zhao ZG, Zhao BW. 1991. The first epidemic of dengue haemorrhagic fever in the People's Republic of China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 44: 364–370.
- Reed LJ, Muench HA. 1983. A simple method of estimating fifty per cent end points. Am J Trop Med Hyg 7: 493–497.
- Rosen L. 1989. Disease exacerbation by sequential dengue infections: myth or reality? Rev Infect Dis 11: S840–S842.
- Sangkawibha N, Rojanasuphot S, Ahandrik S, Viriyapongse S, Jatanasen S, Salitul V, Phantumachinda B, Halstead SB. 1984. Risk factors in dengue shock syndrome: a prospective epidemiologic study in Rayong, Thailand. I. The 1980 outbreak. Am J Epidemiol 120: 653–669.
- Seger GAF. 1997. Linear regression analysis. New York: Wiley.
- Vaughn DW, Green S, Kalayanarooj S, Innis BL, Nimmannitya S, Suntayakorn S, Rothman AL, Ennis FA, Nisalak A. 1997. Dengue in the early febrile phase: viraemia and antibody responses. J Infect Dis 176: 322–330.
- World Health Organization. 1986. Technical Advisory Committee on dengue haemorrhagic fever for the Southeast Asian and Western Pacific regions. Guide for diagnosis, treatment and control of dengue haemorrhagic fever, Geneva.
Citing Literature
