Coagulation biomarkers in healthy male Cynomolgus macaque monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)

We designed this study to define reference values of the cynomolgus monkey coagulation system, as the normal range of values has not been established. Measurement of coagulation function was determined by testing plasma samples from 30 healthy male cynomolgus monkeys. Prothrombin time (PT), PT activity, PT international normalized ratio (INR), activated prothrombin time (aPTT), antithrombin III activity, factor II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII, protein C activity, protein S activity, and d-dimer were measured using standardized techniques. Mean age and body weight were 69.5 ± 11.8 months and 5.3 ± 0.8 kg, respectively. The mean PT, PT activity, PT INR, aPTT, and antithrombin III activities were 11.72 seconds (95% CI = 10.55-12.88), 143.4% (95% CI = 102.0-184.9), 0.85 (95% CI = 0.74-0.96), 28.2 seconds (95% CI = 23.24-33.09), and 99.7% (95% CI = 79.2-120.3), respectively. The mean activities of factors II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII were 110.2% (95% CI = 88.8-131.5), 134.1% (95% CI = 73.0-195.2), 318.9% (95% CI = 185.0-452.9) 160.2% (95% CI = 96.9-261.3), 38.0% (95% CI = 20.9-55.1), 85.7% (95% CI = 61.4-110.0), 155.0% (95% CI = 81.4-228.6), and 353.7% (95% CI = 246.7-460.6), respectively. The mean activities of protein C and protein S were 195.7% (95% CI = 133.4-258.0) and 122.7% (95% CI = 83.2-162.3), respectively. The mean level of d-dimer was 1.80 μg/mL (95% CI = 0.27-3.33). Factors V (P = 0.008), IX (P = 0.002), and XI (P = 0.002), and protein S activity (P = 0.025) were positively correlated with age. Our study presented the baseline values of coagulation biomarkers of cynomolgus monkeys. Despite the similarity to previous published studies, more data are required to elucidate the age effect on coagulation biomarkers.