The role of local inflammation in complications associated with intubation in pediatric patients: A narrative review
Corresponding Author
Sebastian Amaya
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
Correspondence
Sebastian Amaya, Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorMarcelino Murillo
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMartha L. Gutiérrez Pérez
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Otorhinolaryngology Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorHector S. Cervera
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorMaría J. Andrade
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorMaría A. Zuñiga
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorNatalia Barreto
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorMaría I. Daza
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorLuisa F. Carvajal
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorCatalina M. Alarcón
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorLaura Aponte
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorVanessa A. Olbrecht
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Sebastian Amaya
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
Correspondence
Sebastian Amaya, Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorMarcelino Murillo
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
Search for more papers by this authorMartha L. Gutiérrez Pérez
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Otorhinolaryngology Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorHector S. Cervera
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorMaría J. Andrade
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorMaría A. Zuñiga
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorNatalia Barreto
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorMaría I. Daza
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorLuisa F. Carvajal
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorCatalina M. Alarcón
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorLaura Aponte
Anesthesiology and Critical Care Interest Group, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Colombian School of Medicine, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia
Search for more papers by this authorVanessa A. Olbrecht
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
Search for more papers by this authorSection Editor: Britta S von Ungern-Sternberg
Abstract
Although the most important primary local inflammatory response factor to intubation is not yet clear, it is known that it may be directly attributed to the presence of trauma during intubation or the response of oral bacterial flora present in the trachea. It is known that prolonged intubation is associated with worse outcomes, but other underlying systemic issues, such as sepsis and trauma, are also associated with this result. Likewise, patients who require advanced airway management and excessive manipulation are more likely to experience complications. There are various inflammatory mediators that are generated during orotracheal intubation, many of which can be considered targets for therapies to help reduce inflammation caused by intubation. However, there is little evidence on the management of the inflammatory response induced by orotracheal intubation in pediatric patients. Therefore, the aim of this narrative review is to highlight the intubation associated complications that can arise from poorly controlled inflammation in intubated pediatric patients, review the proposed pathophysiology behind this, and discuss the current treatments that exist. Finally, taking into account the discussion on pathophysiology, we describe the current therapies being developed and future directions that can be taken in order to create more treatment options within this patient population.
Open Research
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.
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