House dust microbiota and atopic dermatitis; effect of urbanization
Corresponding Author
Mahboobeh Mahdavinia
Department of Internal Medicine, Allergy and Immunology Division, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
InVivo Planetary Health Network, Chicago, IL, USA
Correspondence
Mahboobeh Mahdavinia, Allergy and Immunology Division, Internal Medicine Department, Rush University Medical Center, 1725 W. Harrison St. Suite 117, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Formal analysis (equal), Supervision (equal), Writing - original draft (lead), Writing - review & editing (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorLeah R. Greenfield
Department of Internal Medicine, Allergy and Immunology Division, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Formal analysis (equal), Supervision (equal), Writing - original draft (lead), Writing - review & editing (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorDonyea Moore
Department of Internal Medicine, Allergy and Immunology Division, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorMaresa Botha
InVivo Planetary Health Network, Chicago, IL, USA
Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorPhillip Engen
Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorClaudia Gray
Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Department of Dermatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorNonhlanhla Lunjani
Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorCarol Hlela
Department of Dermatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorWisdom Basera
Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorLelani Hobane
Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorAlexandra Watkins
Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorAvumile Mankahla
Eastern Cape Department of Health, Zithulele Hospital, Mqanduli, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorBen Gaunt
Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorHeidi Facey-Thomas
Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorAlan Landay
Geriatrics Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorAli Keshavarzian
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorMichael E. Levin
InVivo Planetary Health Network, Chicago, IL, USA
Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Data curation (lead), Supervision (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Mahboobeh Mahdavinia
Department of Internal Medicine, Allergy and Immunology Division, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
InVivo Planetary Health Network, Chicago, IL, USA
Correspondence
Mahboobeh Mahdavinia, Allergy and Immunology Division, Internal Medicine Department, Rush University Medical Center, 1725 W. Harrison St. Suite 117, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Formal analysis (equal), Supervision (equal), Writing - original draft (lead), Writing - review & editing (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorLeah R. Greenfield
Department of Internal Medicine, Allergy and Immunology Division, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Formal analysis (equal), Supervision (equal), Writing - original draft (lead), Writing - review & editing (lead)
Search for more papers by this authorDonyea Moore
Department of Internal Medicine, Allergy and Immunology Division, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorMaresa Botha
InVivo Planetary Health Network, Chicago, IL, USA
Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorPhillip Engen
Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorClaudia Gray
Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Department of Dermatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorNonhlanhla Lunjani
Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorCarol Hlela
Department of Dermatology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorWisdom Basera
Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorLelani Hobane
Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorAlexandra Watkins
Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorAvumile Mankahla
Eastern Cape Department of Health, Zithulele Hospital, Mqanduli, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorBen Gaunt
Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorHeidi Facey-Thomas
Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorAlan Landay
Geriatrics Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorAli Keshavarzian
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
Contribution: Investigation (equal), Methodology (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorMichael E. Levin
InVivo Planetary Health Network, Chicago, IL, USA
Division of Allergy, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Data curation (lead), Supervision (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal)
Search for more papers by this authorMahboobeh Mahdavinia and Leah R. Greenfield: Contributed equally as lead authors.
Funding information
This work is supported by a research grant from the Brinson Foundation and the Medical Research Council of South Africa. MM is also supported by NIH; R01 AI130348 and KL2TR002387-02.
Abstract
Background
Previous studies have shown that a child's risk of developing atopic disease is impacted by both genetic and environmental factors. Because small children spend the majority of their time in their homes, exposure to microbial factors in their home environment may be protective or risk factors for development of atopic diseases, such as atopic dermatitis.
Methods
Dust samples from the homes of 86 Black South African children 12 to 36 months old were collected for analysis of the bacterial microbiome. This case-control study design included children with and without atopic dermatitis from rural and urban environments.
Results
Significant differences in bacterial composition and diversity were found when comparing children with and without atopic dermatitis. Furthermore, house dust microbiota was significantly different in rural and urban areas. Differences were best accounted for by higher relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Bacteroidaceae families in rural compared with urban houses. Levels of Ruminococcaceae were also found to be significantly depleted in the house dust of rural children with atopic dermatitis as compared to control children.
Conclusions
House dust composition may be an important risk factor for the development of atopic disease, and this association may be driven in part by the gut microbiome. Low levels of the Ruminococcaceae family from Clostridia class in particular may explain the association between urban living and atopy. However, further research is needed to elucidate these links.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
None of the authors have any conflict of interest related to this research.
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