How transformational leadership and clan culture influence nursing staff's willingness to stay
Yuguang Xie
PhD Student
The School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dongxiao Gu PhD
Associate Professor
The School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
Key Laboratory of Process Optimization and Intelligent Decision-making of Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
Correspondence
Dongxiao Gu, The School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorChangyong Liang PhD
Professor
The School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
Key Laboratory of Process Optimization and Intelligent Decision-making of Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
Search for more papers by this authorShuping Zhao PhD
Associate Professor
The School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
Search for more papers by this authorYiming Ma
PhD Student
The School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
Search for more papers by this authorYuguang Xie
PhD Student
The School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Dongxiao Gu PhD
Associate Professor
The School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
Key Laboratory of Process Optimization and Intelligent Decision-making of Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
Correspondence
Dongxiao Gu, The School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorChangyong Liang PhD
Professor
The School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
Key Laboratory of Process Optimization and Intelligent Decision-making of Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
Search for more papers by this authorShuping Zhao PhD
Associate Professor
The School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
Search for more papers by this authorYiming Ma
PhD Student
The School of Management, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
Search for more papers by this authorFunding information
The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship and/or publication of this article: This study is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 71771075 and 71771077, and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central universities with No. PA2020GDKC0020.
Abstract
Aim
To explore the impact mechanism of transformational leadership and clan culture on the willingness to stay of nursing staff in the aged care industry.
Background
Previous researchers had paid much attention to the leadership and culture, yet it was unclear how the transformational leadership and clan culture influence the willingness to stay of nursing staff, especially those in the aged care industry.
Methods
A questionnaire was conducted in an aged care agency in Anhui Province, with a total of 217 valid questionnaires collected for empirical analysis.
Results
(a) Transformational leadership indirectly affects willingness to stay by affecting organisational commitment and job satisfaction. (b) Clan culture also affects the willingness to stay by affecting their organisational commitment and job satisfaction. (c) Professional identity also has a significant positive impact on the willingness to stay.
Conclusions
The findings of the study emphasize the importance of transformational leadership and clan culture in enhancing the willingness to stay of nursing staff in the aged care industry, and clarify the specific impact mechanism.
Implications for Nursing Management
Nurse leaders in the aged care agencies should improve transformational leadership, and strive to build clan culture to help retain nursing staff better.
Supporting Information
Filename | Description |
---|---|
jonm13092-sup-0001-AppendixS1.docWord document, 48.5 KB | Appendix S1 |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
REFERENCES
- Aiken, L. H., Clarke, S. P., Sloane, D. M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J. H. (2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job dissatisfaction. JAMA, 288(16), 1987–1993.
- Al-Shammari, M., & Al-Am, Z. (2018). Organizational culture and job satisfaction in a telecommunications company in the Kingdom of Bahrain. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 18(1), 33–43.
- Allen, N. J., & Meyer, J. P. (1990). The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 63(1), 1–18.
- Boamah, S. A., Laschinger, H. K. S., Wong, C., & Clarke, S. (2017). Effect of transformational leadership on job satisfaction and patient safety outcomes. Nursing Outlook, 66(2), 180–189.
- Brown, P., Fraser, K., Wong, C. A., Muise, M., & Cummings, G. (2013). Factors influencing intentions to stay and retention of nurse managers: A systematic review. Journal of Nursing Management, 21(3), 459–472.
- Cameron, K. S., & Quinn, R. E. (2011). Diagnosing and changing organizational culture: Based on the competing values framework. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons.
- Chang, S.-C., & Lee, M.-S. (2007). A study on relationship among leadership, organizational culture, the operation of learning organization and employees' job satisfaction. The Learning Organization, 14(2), 155–185.
10.1108/09696470710727014 Google Scholar
- Cheung, C., & Lee, T. (2010). Improving social competence through character education. Evaluation and Program Planning, 33(3), 255–263.
- Chin, W. W., Gopal, A., & Salisbury, W. D. (1997). Advancing the theory of adaptive structuration: The development of a scale to measure faithfulness of appropriation. Information Systems Research, 8(4), 342–367.
- Cook, J., & Wall, T. (1980). New work attitude measures of trust, organizational commitment and personal need non-fulfilment. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 53(1), 39–52.
- Cowden, T., Cummings, G., & Profetto-Mcgrath, J. (2011). Leadership practices and staff nurses' intent to stay: A systematic review. Journal of Nursing Management, 19(4), 461–477.
- Cowin, L. (2002). The effects of nurses' job satisfaction on retention: An Australian perspective. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 32(5), 283–291.
- Cowin, L. S., Johnson, M., Craven, R. G., & Marsh, H. W. (2008). Causal modeling of self-concept, job satisfaction, and retention of nurses. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 45(10), 1449–1459.
- Dirani, K. M. (2009). Measuring the learning organization culture, organizational commitment and job satisfaction in the Lebanese banking sector. Human Resource Development International, 12(2), 189–208.
10.1080/13678860902764118 Google Scholar
- Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics. Sage, CA; Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications.
- Guest, D. E., & Dewe, P. (1991). Company or trade union: Which wins workers' allegiance? A study of commitment in the UK electronics industry. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 29(1), 75–96.
- Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis (Vol. 6). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
- Harrison, D. A., Newman, D. A., & Roth, P. L. (2006). How important are job attitudes? Meta-analytic comparisons of integrative behavioral outcomes and time sequences. Academy of Management Journal, 49(2), 305–325.
- Hong, T., & Lin, W. (2010). Revision of Chinese version of nurses' intention to stay. Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University, 31(8), 925–927.
- Judge, T. A. (2000). Job satisfaction: Research and practice. Industrial and organizational psychology: Linking theory with practice.
- Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, , 39(1), 31–36.
- Kim, H. (2014). Transformational leadership, organizational clan culture, organizational affective commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior: A case of South Korea's public sector. Public Organization Review, 14(3), 397–417.
10.1007/s11115-013-0225-z Google Scholar
- Kleinman, C. S. (2004). Leadership: A key strategy in staff nurse retention. The Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 35(3), 128–132.
- Körner, M., Wirtz, M. A., Bengel, J., & Göritz, A. S. (2015). Relationship of organizational culture, teamwork and job satisfaction in interprofessional teams. BMC Health Services Research, 15(1), 243.
- Liang, C., Gu, D., Tao, F., Jain, H. K., Zhao, Y., & Ding, B. (2017). Influence of mechanism of patient-accessible hospital information system implementation on doctor-patient relationships. Information & Management, 54(1), 57–72.
- Lin, W., Hong, T., Bowers, B. J., Brown, R., & Zhang, Y.(2018). When nurse emotional intelligence matters: How transformational leadership influences intent to stay. Journal of Nursing Management, 26(4), 358–365.
- Liu, X., & Cao, M. (2017). Analysis of the present situation and influencing factors of nursing staff's willingness to leave in Hangzhou elderly care institutions. Journal of Nursing, 24(12), 40–43.
- Locke, E. A. (1976). The nature and causes of job satisfaction. Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology.
- Malakh-Pines, A., Aronson, E., & Kafry, D. (1981). Burnout: From tedium to personal growth: Free Pr.
- Mesterová, J., Procházka, J., Vaulk, M., & Smutny, P.(2015). Relationship between self-efficacy, transformational leadership and leader effectiveness. Journal of Advanced Management Science, 3(2), 109–122.
10.12720/joams.3.2.109-122 Google Scholar
- Mijakoski, D., Karadzinska-Bislimovska, J., Basarovska, V., Montgomery, A., Panagopoulou, E., Stoleski, S., & Minov, J. (2015). Burnout, engagement, and organizational culture: Differences between physicians and nurses. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 3(3), 506–513.
- Mowday, R. T., Steers, R. M., & Porter, L. W. (1979). The measurement of organizational commitment. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 14(2), 224–247.
- Mueller, C. W., & McCloskey, J. C. (1990). Nurses' job satisfaction: A proposed measure. Nursing Research, 39(2), 113–117.
- Niemi, E. (2001). National assessment of sixth-grade mathematics achievement in 2000: Achievement, attitudes and links with background factors. Helsinki, Finland: National Board of Education.
- Nunnally, J. C. (1994). Psychometric theory 3E. New York, NY: Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
- Öhlén, J., & Segesten, K. (1998). The professional identity of the nurse: Concept analysis and development. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 28(4), 720–727.
- Park, J. (2005). Fostering creativity and productivity through emotional literacy: The organizational context. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, 19(4), 5–7.
10.1108/14777280510606510 Google Scholar
- Parsons, L. C. (1998). Delegation skills and nurse job satisfaction. Nursing Economics, 16(1), 18.
- Quan, X., Wang, J., & Huang, Y. (2017). Investigation and analysis of the current situation of nursing staff in social pension service institutions in Neijiang City. Journal of Taiyuan Urban Vocational College, 4, 122–125.
- Robbins, S. P., & Coulter, M. (2005). Management: International edition. London, UK: Pearson Prentice Hall.
- Robin, S. P. (1996). Organizational behavior: Concepts, controversies and applications. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Printing Hall.
- San Park, J., & Hyun Kim, T. (2009). Do types of organizational culture matter in nurse job satisfaction and turnover intention? Leadership in Health Services, 22(1), 20–38.
10.1108/17511870910928001 Google Scholar
- Sang, S., Lee, J.-D., & Lee, J. (2010). E-government adoption in Cambodia: A partial least squares approach. Transforming Government: People, Process and Policy, 4(2), 138–157.
10.1108/17506161011047370 Google Scholar
- Sharbaugh, S. M. (2009). Relationships among nurses' professional identity, career satisfaction, occupational commitment, and intent to stay. Chester, PA: Widener University School of Nursing.
- Silverthorne, C. (2004). The impact of organizational culture and person-organization fit on organizational commitment and job satisfaction in Taiwan. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 25(7), 592–599.
10.1108/01437730410561477 Google Scholar
- Sjöberg, A., & Sverke, M. (2000). The interactive effect of job involvement and organizational commitment on job turnover revisited: A note on the mediating role of turnover intention. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 41(3), 247–252.
- Sourdif, J. (2004). Predictors of nurses' intent to stay at work in a university health center. Nursing & Health Sciences, 6(1), 59–68.
- Syauta, J. H., Troena, E. A., & Margono Setiawan, S. (2012). The influence of organizational culture, organizational commitment to job satisfaction and employee performance (study at municipal waterworks of Jayapura, Papua Indonesia). International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 1(1), 69–76.
- Thyer, G. L. (2003). Dare to be different: Transformational leadership may hold the key to reducing the nursing shortage. Journal of Nursing Management, 11(2), 73–79.
- Walumbwa, F. O., Orwa, B., Wang, P., & Lawler, J. J. (2005). Transformational leadership, organizational commitment, and job satisfaction: A comparative study of Kenyan and U.S. financial firms. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 16(2), 235–256.
10.1002/hrdq.1135 Google Scholar
- Wang, Y., Yang, Y., Dan, Y., ShuWeng, S., & Ting, L. (2019). The mediating role of inclusive leadership: Work engagement and innovative behaviour among Chinese head nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 27(4), 688–696.
- Wenying, L., & Zhican, Z. (2000). Research on the structural model of Chinese employee organizational commitment. Journal of Management Science, 3(2), 76–81.
- Xiaoqing, W., Peibei, D., Yuwen, C., Xiaoqin, Z., Juyun, L., Sijuan, M., & Jianhua, Z. (2012). Development and reliability & validity of knowledge-attitude-practice questionnaire for abdominal surgery patients. Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing, 18(34), 4096–4099.
- Yufang, H. (2011). Research on self-education model of promoting nursing students' professional identity and professional self-efficacy. Shanghai, China: Second Military Medical University.
- Zhenwu, Z. (2019). Scientifically judging the population situation and actively responding to population challenges. Population and Society, 1, 13–17.