Epidemiology of mid-buccal gingival recessions in NHANES according to the 2018 World Workshop Classification System
Corresponding Author
Mario Romandini
Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
Correspondence
Mario Romandini, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Odontología, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, 3, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorMaria Costanza Soldini
Department of Periodontology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorEduardo Montero
Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorMariano Sanz
Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
Mario Romandini
Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
Correspondence
Mario Romandini, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Odontología, Plaza Ramón y Cajal, 3, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Email: [email protected]
Search for more papers by this authorMaria Costanza Soldini
Department of Periodontology, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorEduardo Montero
Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorMariano Sanz
Section of Graduate Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
Search for more papers by this authorAbstract
Aim
There are no nationally representative epidemiological studies available reporting on the different recession types according to the 2018 classification system or focusing on the aesthetic zone. The aims of this cross-sectional study were (a) to provide estimates on the prevalence, severity and extent of mid-buccal GRs according to the 2018 classification and (b) to identify their risk indicators in the adult U.S. population from the NHANES database.
Materials and Methods
Data from 10,676 subjects, representative of 143.8 millions of adults, were retrieved from the NHANES 2009–2014 database. GR prevalence was defined as the presence of at least one mid-buccal GR ≥1 mm. GRs were categorized following the 2018 World Workshop classification system (RT1, RT2, RT3) and according to different severity cut-offs. An analysis for GR risk indicators was also performed, selecting subjects without periodontitis.
Results
The patient-level prevalence of mid-buccal GRs (all types) was 91.6%, while it decreased to 70.7% when considering only the aesthetic zone. When focusing on RT1 GRs, the patient-level prevalence (whole mouth) was 12.4%, while it was 5.8% considering only the aesthetic zone. The majority of RT1 GRs were considered as mild (1–2 mm). The whole-mouth patient-level prevalence of RT2 and RT3 GRs was 88.8% and 55.0%, respectively. Age (35–49 years), gender (female), ethnicity (non–Hispanic Whites), last dental visit (>6 months before), tooth type (incisors) and the arch (mandible) resulted as risk indicators associated with the presence of RT1 GR.
Conclusions
Mid-buccal GRs affect almost the entire US population. Age, gender, ethnicity, dental care exposure, tooth type and arch were identified as risk indicators for RT1 GRs.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The authors declare no conflicts of interest related to this study. This study was self-funded by the authors; however, the data of the NHANES 2009–2014 have been provided from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Supporting Information
| Filename | Description |
|---|---|
| jcpe13353-sup-0001-AppendixS1.docxWord document, 23.3 KB | Appendix S1 |
| jcpe13353-sup-0002-TableS1-S9.docxWord document, 126.3 KB | Table S1-S9 |
Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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