Microalbuminuria in cerebrovascular disease: a modifiable risk factor?
A. Rocco,
K. Heerlein,
J. Diedler,
M. Sykora,
R. Barrows,
W. Hacke,
Th. Steiner,
Corresponding Author
A. Rocco
Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
A. Rocco*, Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls University Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D69120 Heidelberg, Germany. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorK. Heerlein
Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorJ. Diedler
Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorM. Sykora
Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorR. Barrows
Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorW. Hacke
Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorTh. Steiner
Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorA. Rocco,
K. Heerlein,
J. Diedler,
M. Sykora,
R. Barrows,
W. Hacke,
Th. Steiner,
Corresponding Author
A. Rocco
Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
A. Rocco*, Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls University Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D69120 Heidelberg, Germany. E-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorK. Heerlein
Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorJ. Diedler
Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorM. Sykora
Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorR. Barrows
Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorW. Hacke
Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorTh. Steiner
Department of Neurology, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Search for more papers by this authorConflicts of interest: None.
Abstract
Stroke is potentially preventable through risk factor modification. Over the past decade, there has been considerable interest on microalbuminuria as a risk factor for chronic diseases. The concept of microalbuminuria was originally introduced, about 25 years ago, to clinical practice as a useful marker of nephropathy. Since then various studies reported an association of microalbuminuria with the increased risk of cardiovascular events and all cause of mortality in subjects with or without diabetes. The presence of microalbuminuria was related to left ventricular dysfunction, stroke, and myocardial infarction. Microalbuminuria may be a predictor of stroke but further studies are required. However data on prognostic significance and therapeutic consequence, particularly in haemorrhagic stroke are lacking. This review focuses on the importance of microalbuminuria for cerebrovascular disease, stressing the clinical and therapeutic implications using antihypertensive therapy to control the urinary albumin excretion.
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