Relationship between impaired elastic properties of aorta with left ventricle geometric patterns and left ventricle diastolic functions in patients with newly diagnosed essential hypertension

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between elastic properties of aorta with left ventricle (LV) geometric patterns and LV diastolic functions in patients with newly diagnosed hypertension (HT). We studied 149 patients with newly diagnosed HT and 29 healthy control subjects. Echocardiographic examination was performed to all subjects. Ascending aorta (Ao) diameters (mm/m²) and Ao elastic indexes – namely, Ao strain [AS] (%), Ao distensibility [AD] (cm² dyn⁻¹ × 10⁻⁶) were calculated. Four different geometric patterns were identified in hypertensive patients according to LV mass index (LVMI) and relative wall thickness (RWT). Tissue Doppler-derived Ea/Aa was determined from the all subjects. Patients vs. control subjects had lower mean AS and AD (p < 0.001 for both). Mean AS and AD of all geometric patterns significantly decreased compared with control group (p < 0.05 for all). Both AS and aortic AD of concentric remodelling (CR; p = 0.017 for both) and concentric hypertophic groups (p < 0.001 for both) were decreased compared with normal LV group. AS and AD of concentric hypertrophic pattern was lower than that of the CR group (p = 0.011 and 0.020 respectively) and the eccentric hypertrophic group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). Both AS and AD of the CR group were similar to that of the eccentric hypertrophic group (p > 0.05 for both). Both AS and AD were significantly correlated with age (β = −0.178, p = 0.025, β = −0.158, p = 0.029 respectively), LVMI (β = −0.223, p = 0.022, β = −263, p = 0.003 respectively), RWT (β = −0.196, p = 0.019, β = −0.189, p = 0.013 respectively) and Ea/Aa (β = 0.174, p = 0.045, β = 0.247, p = 0.002 respectively) in multiple linear regression analysis. Elastic properties of aorta were impaired in newly diagnosed HT. The degree of this impairment is different among various LV geometric patterns. In addition, impaired elastic properties of aorta were associated with RWT, LVMI and diastolic disfunctions, besides age, but not with LV geometry.