Clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from the Arkhangelsk region, Russia: antimicrobial susceptibility, molecular epidemiology, and distribution of Panton-Valentine leucocidin genes
V. VOROBIEVA
Department of Microbiology and Virology, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø
Reference Center for Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of North-Norway, Tromsø, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorT. BAZHUKOVA
Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
Search for more papers by this authorA. M. HANSSEN
Department of Microbiology and Virology, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø
Search for more papers by this authorD. A. CAUGANT
Institute of Oral Biology, University of Oslo
Division of Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorB. C. HALDORSEN
Reference Center for Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of North-Norway, Tromsø, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorG. S. SIMONSEN
Department of Microbiology and Virology, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø
Reference Center for Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of North-Norway, Tromsø, Norway
Division of Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
A. SUNDSFJORD
Department of Microbiology and Virology, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø
Reference Center for Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of North-Norway, Tromsø, Norway
Division of Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
Arnfinn Sundsfjord, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway. e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorV. VOROBIEVA
Department of Microbiology and Virology, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø
Reference Center for Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of North-Norway, Tromsø, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorT. BAZHUKOVA
Department of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
Search for more papers by this authorA. M. HANSSEN
Department of Microbiology and Virology, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø
Search for more papers by this authorD. A. CAUGANT
Institute of Oral Biology, University of Oslo
Division of Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorB. C. HALDORSEN
Reference Center for Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of North-Norway, Tromsø, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorG. S. SIMONSEN
Department of Microbiology and Virology, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø
Reference Center for Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of North-Norway, Tromsø, Norway
Division of Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
Search for more papers by this authorCorresponding Author
A. SUNDSFJORD
Department of Microbiology and Virology, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø
Reference Center for Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance, Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of North-Norway, Tromsø, Norway
Division of Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
Arnfinn Sundsfjord, Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromsø, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway. e-mail: [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorReceived 20 February 2008.
Accepted 8 April 2008.
Abstract
A total of 91 consecutive clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were collected at the Regional Hospital of Arkhangelsk, Russia, from May to December 2004, and examined for antimicrobial susceptibility, methicillin resistance and presence of Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL) genes. Epidemiological typing was performed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates were examined by staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing. High-to-moderate rates of resistance to penicillin (β-lactamase production; 93%), tetracycline (40%), erythromycin and clindamycin (32%) were observed. Forty out of ninety-one (44%) isolates were positive for PVL genes. Thirty-six (40%) PVL-positive methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strains were shown by PFGE and MLST typing (ST121, ST681, ST837) to be part of a nosocomial outbreak caused by clonal complex (CC) 121. PFGE, MLST and SCCmec typing revealed three MRSA clones. Sequence type (ST) 239-III (n=11), ST1097-III (n=1) and ST8-IV (n=3) belong to CC8 of epidemic multiresistant MRSA, whereas ST426-MRSA-IV/CC395 (n=1) has not been reported previously. All MRSA strains were PVL negative. The overall results underline the necessity of microbiological sampling, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and epidemiological typing as a rational basis for antimicrobial treatment of S. aureus infections, and infection control measures to limit the spread of multiresistant MRSA and epidemic MSSA clones.
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