Pyrophosphate as a central energy carrier in the hydrogen-producing extremely thermophilic Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus
Abraham A.M. Bielen,
Karin Willquist,
Jakob Engman,
John Van Der Oost,
Ed W.J. Van Niel,
Servé W.M. Kengen,
Abraham A.M. Bielen
Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorKarin Willquist
Applied Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorJakob Engman
Applied Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorJohn Van Der Oost
Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorEd W.J. Van Niel
Applied Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorServé W.M. Kengen
Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorAbraham A.M. Bielen,
Karin Willquist,
Jakob Engman,
John Van Der Oost,
Ed W.J. Van Niel,
Servé W.M. Kengen,
Abraham A.M. Bielen
Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorKarin Willquist
Applied Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorJakob Engman
Applied Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorJohn Van Der Oost
Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorEd W.J. Van Niel
Applied Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
Search for more papers by this authorServé W.M. Kengen
Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands
Search for more papers by this authorCorrespondence: Servé W.M. Kengen, Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen UR, PO Box 6703, HB Wageningen, The Netherlands. Tel.: +31 317 483 737; fax: +31 317 483 829; e-mail: [email protected]
Editor: Marco Moracci
Abstract
The role of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) as an energy carrier in the central metabolism of the extremely thermophilic bacterium Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus was investigated. In agreement with its annotated genome sequence, cell extracts were shown to exhibit PPi-dependent phosphofructokinase and pyruvate phosphate dikinase activity. In addition, membrane-bound pyrophosphatase activity was demonstrated, while no significant cytosolic pyrophosphatase activity was detected. During the exponential growth phase, high PPi levels (approximately 4 ± 2 mM) and relatively low ATP levels (0.43 ± 0.07 mM) were found, and the PPi/ATP ratio decreased 13-fold when the cells entered the stationary phase. Pyruvate kinase activity appeared to be allosterically affected by PPi. Altogether, these findings suggest an important role for PPi in the central energy metabolism of C. saccharolyticus.
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