Reconstructing the Sequence of Events Surrounding Body Disposition Based on Color Staining of Bone*
Preliminary results of surface analysis were presented at the Canadian Association for Physical Anthropology (CAPA) Annual Meeting, University of Calgary Alberta, Banff, Alberta, Canada, November 17, 2007. Conclusions of surface analysis and preliminary findings of cross-sectional analysis were presented at the annual Undergraduate Research Symposium for Anthropology, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, March 26, 2008. Final paper was presented at the Toronto Police Forensic Identification Educational Conference, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, April 9, 2008.
Abstract
Abstract: Literature regarding bone color is limited to determining location of primary and secondary dispositions. This research is the first to use bone color to interpret the sequence of events surrounding body disposition. Two scenarios were compared—bones buried and then exposed on the ground surface and bones exposed then buried. Forty juvenile pig humeri with minimal tissue were used in each scenario with an additional 20 controls to determine if decomposing tissue affects bone color. Munsell Color Charts were used to record bone color of surface and 2.5 cm cross-sections. Results reveal five main surface colors attributed to soil, sun, hemolysis, decomposition, and fungi. Fungi on buried bones suggests prior surface exposure. Cross-sections of strictly buried bones are identical to buried then exposed bone, stressing the importance of bone surface analysis. Cross-sectioning may help verify remains have been exposed then buried. Decomposition of excess tissue creates minimal color staining.
