Volume 89, Issue 3 pp. 537-561

The effect of migration on income growth and convergence: Meta-analytic evidence

Ceren Ozgen

Ceren Ozgen

Department of Spatial Economics, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands (e-mail: [email protected] , [email protected] )

Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the 55th Annual North American Meetings of the Regional Science Association International (RSAI), 20–22 November 2008, Brooklyn, New York; the Workshop on Creative, Intellectual and Entrepreneurial Resources for Regional Development, 15–16 June 2009, Tinbergen Institute & VU University, Amsterdam; the Workshop on Determinants and Effects of Interregional Mobility, 1–3 October 2009, Alghero, Sardinia, Italy; and the 46th Annual Meeting of the Japan Section of RSAI, 10–12 October 2009, Hiroshima, Japan. We thank Bernard Fingleton, Geoffrey Hewings, Mario Larch, Yasuhide Okuyama and three anonymous referees for useful comments. We are grateful to Etsuro Shioji and Sari Pekkala Kerr for providing additional primary study results.

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Peter Nijkamp

Peter Nijkamp

Department of Spatial Economics, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands (e-mail: [email protected] , [email protected] )

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Jacques Poot

Jacques Poot

Population Studies Centre, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, New Zealand (e-mail: [email protected] )

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First published: 03 August 2010
Citations: 60

Abstract

We compare a set of econometric studies that measure the effect of net internal migration in neoclassical models of long-run real income convergence and derive 67 comparable effect sizes. The precision-weighted estimate of beta convergence is about 2.7 per cent. An increase of one percentage point in the net migration rate of a region increases the per capita income growth rate in that region on average by about 0.1 percentage points. Introducing a net migration variable in a growth regression increases the estimate of beta convergence slightly. Studies that use panel models or IV estimation methods yield smaller coefficients of net migration in growth regressions, while the opposite holds for regressions controlling for high-skilled migration.

Resumen

Comparamos un conjunto de estudios econométricos que miden el efecto de la migración interna neta en modelos neoclásicos de convergencia de ingresos reales a largo plazo y de ahí obtenemos 67 tamaños de efectos comparables. La estimación ponderada por precisión de la beta-convergencia es aproximadamente del 2.7 por ciento. Un aumento de un punto porcentual en la tasa de migración neta de una región aumenta la tasa de crecimiento de ingresos per cápita en dicha región en un promedio de aproximadamente 0.1 puntos porcentuales. El introducir una variable de migración neta en una regresión de crecimiento aumenta ligeramente el valor estimado de beta-convergencia. Los estudios que usan modelos de panel o métodos de estimación por VI producen coeficientes menores de migración neta en regresiones de crecimiento, mientras que sucede lo contrario para regresiones que controlan migración altamente cualificada.

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